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C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":79,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"socialBehavior":82,"swimmingLayer":83,"minimumTankL":84,"temperatureMinC":85,"temperatureMaxC":86,"phMin":87,"phMax":88,"ghMinD":72,"ghMaxD":72,"khMinD":72,"khMaxD":72,"minimumGroupSize":89,"feedingNotes":90,"compatibilityNotes":91,"careNotes":92},"EXPERT","OMNIVORE","PREDATORY","GROUP","MIDDLE","10000.00","24.00","28.00","7.20","8.30","5","杂食性。可投喂合适的颗粒或薄片饲料，辅以冻饵和活饵。","不适合家庭水族箱；仅限具备大型生命支持系统、专业人员和合法资质的公共水族馆或科研保育设施。","需要公共水族馆级水体、持续水质监测、专业运输检疫和水生动物医疗支持，普通家庭无法满足长期福利需求。",{"maxLengthCm":94,"averageLengthCm":95,"lifespanMinYears":96,"lifespanMaxYears":97,"bodyShape":98,"coloration":99,"distinguishingFeatures":100,"sexualDimorphism":101},"420.00","250.00","15.00","30.00","纺锤形鱼体，吻突出，背鳍三角形","体背侧灰褐色，腹侧灰白；胸鳍、腹鳍、尾鳍下叶及背鳍之鳍尖暗色，但成鱼则为淡色。","灰真鲨 暗体真鲨 真鲨科真鲨属动物 暗体真鲨（学名：Carcharhinus obscurus）是真鲨科、真鲨属的一种鲨鱼。体呈纺锤型，躯干略粗壮。头平扁。背鳍2个，背鳍间存在低的隆脊，第一背鳍宽大，起点与胸鳍内角相对，后缘凹入，上角钝尖，下角尖突；第二背鳍小，起点与臀鳍起点相对，后缘入凹，后角尖突；胸鳍大型，镰刀形，后缘凹入，外角钝尖，内角钝圆，鳍端伸达第一背鳍基底后端；尾鳍宽长，尾椎轴上扬，下叶前部显著三角形突出，中部低平延长，与后部间有一深缺刻，后部小三角形突出，尾端圆突。体背侧灰褐色，腹侧灰白；胸鳍、腹鳍、尾鳍下叶及背鳍之鳍尖暗色，但成鱼则为淡色。","雌雄通常在体型、体色或鳍形上有差异，具体因种类而异。雄鱼一般体色更鲜艳、体型更修长。",{"reproductionMode":103,"breedingDifficulty":79,"spawningType":104,"breedingSeason":105,"incubationDaysMin":106,"incubationDaysMax":107,"clutchSizeMin":108,"clutchSizeMax":109,"parentalCare":110,"breedingNotes":111},"EGG_LAYER","卵胎生\u002F卵鞘","暖季","90","360","2","40","无护幼","胎生；繁殖期形成稳定配对。",{"plantNotes":72},{"setupNotes":114,"waterChangeNotes":115,"densityNotes":116,"acclimationNotes":117,"feedingSummary":118,"commonMistakes":119,"completeness":120,"status":121},"不适合家庭水族箱。仅限公共水族馆、科研保育基地或具备合法资质的大型专业设施，需按成体尺寸、持续游泳需求和生命支持负荷进行工程设计。","由专业生命支持系统连续处理并按监测结果换水；家庭水族箱式固定比例换水不适用。","不提供家庭放养密度；需由专业机构依据水体面积、转弯半径、同类关系和终生成体尺寸评估。","运输、吊装、麻醉和检疫均应由专业团队制定方案，并配备持续溶氧、水质监控和应急医疗。","由专业饲养员按物种食性、体况和营养评估制定配方，不建议个人尝试。","① 把幼体尺寸当成终生成体尺寸；② 使用家庭水族箱估算缸容；③ 忽略合法来源与保育规定；④ 缺少专业运输检疫；⑤ 没有长期生命支持和医疗预案。","100","DRAFT",[123,141,157,175,193],{"id":124,"type":125,"title":126,"sortOrder":127,"payload":128},3625,"TIMELINE","专业设施接收流程",10,[129,132,135,138],{"phase":130,"content":131},"资格与福利评估","先确认合法来源、保育要求、终生成体尺寸及设施是否具备专业资质；不满足时不得引入。",{"phase":133,"content":134},"设施准备","完成大型水体、生命支持、备用供电、转运通道和隔离检疫系统的工程验收。",{"phase":136,"content":137},"转运与检疫","由专业团队实施运输、对水、检疫和健康评估，并持续记录水质与行为。",{"phase":139,"content":140},"长期维护","按个体生长持续调整空间、营养和群体结构，建立兽医与应急处置预案。",{"id":142,"type":143,"title":144,"sortOrder":145,"payload":146},3626,"CHECKLIST","准入与设施清单",20,[147,149,151,153,155],{"item":148,"must":15},"仅限公共水族馆、科研保育基地或合规大型专业设施",{"item":150,"must":15},"核验合法来源、保护级别和运输许可",{"item":152,"must":15},"具备公共水族馆级生命支持与备用系统",{"item":154,"must":15},"具备专业检疫、运输和水生动物医疗能力",{"item":156,"must":15},"按终生成体尺寸而非幼体尺寸规划空间",{"id":158,"type":159,"title":160,"sortOrder":161,"payload":162},3627,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[163,166,169,172],{"a":164,"q":165},"不可以。其终生成体尺寸、持续游泳或底栖活动需求远超家庭设备能力，应由具备资质的专业机构饲养。","可以在家庭水族箱饲养吗？",{"a":167,"q":168},"不建议。生长速度、转运风险和最终设施成本都很高，幼体阶段并不代表适合家庭长期饲养。","购买幼体后再换大缸可以吗？",{"a":170,"q":171},"不能用普通升数公式回答，需按成体尺寸、转弯半径、活动方式、群体关系和生命支持负荷进行专业工程设计。","需要多大的水体？",{"a":173,"q":174},"合法来源、福利评估、专业设施、检疫运输能力以及长期资金和医疗保障缺一不可。","饲养前最重要的准备是什么？",{"id":176,"type":177,"title":178,"sortOrder":179,"payload":180},3628,"DISEASE","常见风险与处置",40,[181,185,189],{"name":182,"action":183,"trigger":184},"运输与操作应激","由专业团队持续监测溶氧和水质，按预案缩短操作时间并提供医疗支持。","长距离运输、吊装、温度或盐度变化",{"name":186,"action":187,"trigger":188},"碰撞与擦伤","立即评估设施结构和行为，必要时由专业人员隔离诊治并改造环境。","水体过小、转弯空间不足或设施边缘不当",{"name":190,"action":191,"trigger":192},"水质与溶氧异常","启动应急生命支持和备用电源，由专业人员按监测数据处置。","生命支持负荷不足或备用系统失效",{"id":194,"type":195,"title":196,"sortOrder":197,"payload":198},3629,"WARNING","饲养与合规警示",50,[199,203,206],{"text":200,"level":201,"reason":202},"禁止按家庭观赏鱼方式饲养","BAD","终生成体尺寸和行为需求远超家庭水族箱承载能力。",{"text":204,"level":201,"reason":205},"禁止来源不明或违反保护规定的交易与运输","可能涉及野生动物保护、跨境和运输许可要求。",{"text":207,"level":201,"reason":208},"不得由无经验人员自行转运、麻醉或治疗","操作失败会造成严重应激、伤亡和人员安全风险。",[],{},100,[213,222],{"id":214,"mediaType":215,"usageType":216,"title":217,"caption":72,"remoteUrl":218,"localPath":219,"mimeType":220,"copyrightHolder":72,"licenseNote":72,"sortOrder":221,"sourceId":23},4998,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","灰真鲨（Carcharhinus 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学名匹配抓取；记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F403548961","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F740955778\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F228\u002FAQSP000228_b00fa5f5f8.jpg","kostasm","cc-by-nc",99,35,{},[234,250,264,276,291],{"id":235,"speciesCode":236,"canonicalNameZh":237,"scientificName":238,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":239,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":240,"thumbnailUrl":241,"temperatureRange":242,"phRange":243,"sizeRange":244,"careDifficulty":79,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":90,"aliases":245,"minimumTankL":84,"ghRange":72,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":247,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":211,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":248,"lastVerifiedAt":23,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":221,"hasRefetchTag":249},225,"AQSP000225","短尾真鲨","Carcharhinus 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cm",[260],"pondicherry shark",[],"2026-08-06 08:56:48","超级管理员",{"id":265,"speciesCode":266,"canonicalNameZh":267,"scientificName":268,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":269,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":270,"thumbnailUrl":271,"temperatureRange":242,"phRange":243,"sizeRange":272,"careDifficulty":79,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":90,"aliases":273,"minimumTankL":84,"ghRange":72,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":247,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":211,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":275,"lastVerifiedAt":23,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":221,"hasRefetchTag":249},227,"AQSP000227","黑边鳍真鲨","Carcharhinus limbatus",1032,"侧条真鲨（Carcharhinus limbatus）为软骨鱼纲动物。侧条真鲨（学名：Carcharhinus limbatus）是真鲨科、真鲨属的一种鲨鱼。体呈纺锤型，躯干粗壮。头宽扁。尾基上下方各具一凹洼。吻平扁，前端尖突。眼圆，瞬膜发达。前鼻瓣呈短三角形，不延长；无口鼻沟或触须。口裂宽，圆弧形，口闭时上下颌紧合，不露齿；上颌齿狭三角形，边缘具细锯齿，齿尖直立或略外斜，无小齿尖；下颌齿较窄而直立或稍颌斜，边缘略具锯齿，或平滑。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F227\u002F531-original.jpg","150.00-286.00 cm",[274],"Black-tip shark",[],{"id":277,"speciesCode":278,"canonicalNameZh":279,"scientificName":280,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":281,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":282,"thumbnailUrl":283,"temperatureRange":242,"phRange":243,"sizeRange":284,"careDifficulty":79,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":285,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":286,"aliases":287,"minimumTankL":84,"ghRange":72,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":247,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":211,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":290,"lastVerifiedAt":23,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":221,"hasRefetchTag":249},203,"AQSP000203","乌翅真鲨","Carcharhinus melanopterus",499,"乌翅真鲨（Carcharhinus melanopterus）为真鲨目真鲨科动物。乌翅真鲨，是真鲨目真鲨科真鲨属水生动物。其体驱粗大，长4米以上，尾部逐渐缩小，呈纺锤形，头部宽而扁；吻部宽而短，前缘宽圆，眼小，呈圆形，鼻孔斜列，上颌牙宽扁；背鳍两个，胸鳍宽大，呈镰刀形；体背面和上侧面呈灰褐色，下侧面和腹面为白色，第一和第二背鳍上端、尾结后端和下叶前部下端、臀鳍、腹鳍和胸鳍下端均呈暗褐色。乌翅真鲨分布于中国的东海和南海，在日本、印度尼西亚、红海、印度洋和西南太平洋均有分布。栖息于热带和亚热带海中。乌翅真鲨通常独居，偶尔成群结队地猎食。食物包括礁鱼、螃蟹、螳螂虾和其他甲壳类动物等。雄性的乌翅真鲨大约在8岁时达到性成熟，雌性在9岁时性成熟，怀胎期长达16个月。乌翅真鲨是为数不多的、能完全跳出水面的鲨鱼之一。有时会被人类捕食，也有可能被大型的鲨鱼甚至大型石斑鱼捕食。现已列入《世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录》（IUCN）中，为近危（NT）等级。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F203\u002Fbaike-overview-species-203-136f5576ed.jpg","130.00-200.00 cm","CARNIVORE","偏肉食，水族箱中可投喂高品质颗粒、冷冻丰年虾、糠虾、贝肉或小型甲壳类，注意少量多次。",[288,289],"黑鳍鲨","污翅真鲨",[],{"id":292,"speciesCode":293,"canonicalNameZh":294,"scientificName":295,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":296,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":297,"thumbnailUrl":298,"temperatureRange":299,"phRange":243,"sizeRange":300,"careDifficulty":79,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":90,"aliases":301,"minimumTankL":84,"ghRange":72,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":247,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":211,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":303,"lastVerifiedAt":23,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":221,"hasRefetchTag":249},229,"AQSP000229","铅灰真鲨","Carcharhinus plumbeus",1245,"阔口真鲨（Carcharhinus plumbeus）为真鲨科真鲨属动物。阔口真鲨（学名：Carcharhinus plumbeus）是真鲨科、真鲨属的一种鲨鱼。体呈纺锤型，躯干颇粗壮。头宽扁。尾基上下方各具一凹洼。吻端宽圆。眼圆，瞬膜发达。前鼻瓣短，发育不完全；无口鼻沟或触须。口裂宽，圆弧形，口闭时上下颌紧合，不露齿；上颌齿宽扁三角形，边缘具明显锯齿，齿尖直立或外斜，无小齿尖；下颌齿较窄而直立，内外侧皆凹入，边缘略具锯齿。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F229\u002F539-original.jpg","23.00-27.00 C","200.00-300.00 cm",[302],"Northern Whaler Shark",[],"zh-CN",[304,306],"en-US",{"missingFields":308,"translatedFields":309,"locale":304,"totalFields":309,"status":310},"0","22","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]