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natans，别名：苦草）是水鳖科苦草属的沉水草本植物，具匍匐茎和越冬块茎。茎纤细呈白色，直径约2毫米，先端芽浅黄色，叶片基生，线形或带形，长20-200厘米，宽0.5-2厘米，绿色或带紫红色，叶脉5-9条。花单性且雌雄异株，雄佛焰苞卵状圆锥形，雌佛焰苞筒状，受精后螺旋状卷曲，果实圆柱形。该物种分布于中国吉林、河北、陕西至云南等南北大部分省区，也见于伊拉克、印度、日本、马来西亚和澳大利亚等地，常生长于溪沟、河流、池塘、湖泊之中。其繁殖策略与水位梯度变化相关。潘瑛团队在国家自然科学基金项目中以扭兰为模式物种，研究水交换条件对沉水植物定植下限的调控机理，并研发生态修复技术，其异速生长模式、种间竞争机制与水交换率存在关联，磷元素内稳态对其深水适应性具有可塑性调控作用。黎磊团队研究表明其繁殖分配特征受泛洪深度及持续时间影响。扭兰可作为风景区水景的观赏植物、食草性...","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2026\u002F08\u002Fb0ee1b13-44be-40ce-9562-92ae39de3428.jpg","4.00-28.00 C","6.00-8.00","通过根系、叶片或藻体吸收营养，根据新生组织状态少量分次补肥。",[364,373],"Asian tape grass","5.00-18.00","2.00-21.00",[],"2026-08-06 08:12:48",{"id":379,"speciesCode":380,"canonicalNameZh":381,"scientificName":382,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":383,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":384,"thumbnailUrl":385,"temperatureRange":350,"phRange":386,"sizeRange":387,"careDifficulty":388,"plantPlacement":353,"diet":84,"temperament":85,"feedingNotes":389,"aliases":390,"minimumTankL":110,"ghRange":396,"khRange":397,"lifespanRange":89,"priceRange":89,"priceUnit":89,"dataCompleteness":284,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":113,"co2Requirement":398,"growthRate":113,"verificationTags":399,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":89,"verificationCount":297,"hasRefetchTag":159},2242,"AQSP001663","水筛","Blyxa japonica",1000014,"东亚及东南亚浅水湿地的沉水植物，虽是有茎植物，叶片却从短茎密生而呈莲座状。光照和肥力充足时株形紧凑，叶色可由鲜绿转为青铜或微红。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2078\u002FAQCATF66C968CAF4E437A_6ebacf784e.jpg","5.50-7.50","10.00-20.00 cm","MODERATE","通过底床和水体吸收肥料，需稳定补充宏量与微量元素。",[391,392,393,394,395],"日本水筛","日本箦藻","水筛草","箦藻","细叶箦藻","2.00-15.00","1.00-4.00","RECOMMENDED",[],{"id":401,"speciesCode":402,"canonicalNameZh":403,"scientificName":404,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":405,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":406,"thumbnailUrl":407,"temperatureRange":408,"phRange":409,"sizeRange":410,"careDifficulty":83,"plantPlacement":106,"diet":84,"temperament":85,"feedingNotes":411,"aliases":412,"minimumTankL":87,"ghRange":418,"khRange":419,"lifespanRange":89,"priceRange":89,"priceUnit":89,"dataCompleteness":284,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":420,"co2Requirement":398,"growthRate":113,"verificationTags":421,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":89,"verificationCount":297,"hasRefetchTag":159},2343,"AQSP001764","大箦藻","Blyxa novoguineensis",20107,"原产新几内亚的大型沉水性箦藻，株高可达30-50cm，叶片长带形，绿色至红褐色，是水族中极少数的中后景箦藻。与日本箦藻相比体型大、叶更宽，需较强光照与稳定CO2，否则易溶叶；适合软水草缸，繁殖靠匍匐茎。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2179\u002FAQGAP833FB3227C61_4f7abe71fe.jpg","22.00-28.00 C","5.50-7.00","20.00-50.00 cm","通过根系和叶片吸收肥料，根据植物状态补充宏量与微量元素。",[413,414,415,416,417],"新几内亚箦藻","NG箦藻","大叶箦藻","宽叶箦藻","巨人箦藻","2.00-8.00","0.00-4.00","HIGH",[],"zh-CN",[422,424],"en-US",{"missingFields":282,"translatedFields":426,"locale":422,"totalFields":426,"status":427},"27","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]