[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp000845-pomacea-canaliculata":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":21,"taxonomyPath":62,"taxonomyPathText":61,"habitat":63,"care":79,"morphology":93,"reproduction":98,"plant":108,"careGuide":109,"careSections":117,"compatibility":205,"price":206,"dataCompleteness":207,"mediaAssets":208,"media":226,"relatedSpecies":227,"locale":329,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":330,"translationCoverage":332,"updatedAt":336},845,"AQSP000845","大瓶螺","Pomacea canaliculata","SNAIL","FRESHWATER",944,"UNRESOLVED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",2,true,"福寿螺（Pomacea canaliculata）为中腹足目瓶螺科瓶螺属硬壳软体动物。福寿螺（学名：Pomacea canaliculata），是中腹足目瓶螺科瓶螺属硬壳软体动物。福寿螺雌雄异体，个体较大，有完整的螺旋形贝壳；贝壳黄褐色，表面光滑；螺体右旋，贝壳近似圆盘形，体螺层膨大；雌螺壳口单薄，外唇直或略弯，厣周缘平展；雄螺壳口增厚，外唇向外反翘，厣外缘的中部略隆起，上下缘向软体部凹。",[18,19,20],"黄金螺","福寿螺","金宝螺",[22,28,34,40,46,52,58],{"id":23,"parentId":24,"rankCode":25,"scientificName":26,"chineseName":27,"pathText":26,"displayName":27},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":29,"parentId":23,"rankCode":30,"scientificName":31,"chineseName":32,"pathText":33,"displayName":32},5,"PHYLUM","Mollusca","软体动物门","Animalia > Mollusca",{"id":35,"parentId":29,"rankCode":36,"scientificName":37,"chineseName":38,"pathText":39,"displayName":38},9,"CLASS","Gastropoda","腹足纲","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda",{"id":41,"parentId":35,"rankCode":42,"scientificName":43,"chineseName":44,"pathText":45,"displayName":44},668,"ORDER","Architaenioglossa","中腹足目","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Architaenioglossa",{"id":47,"parentId":41,"rankCode":48,"scientificName":49,"chineseName":50,"pathText":51,"displayName":50},669,"FAMILY","Ampullariidae","苹果螺科","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Architaenioglossa > Ampullariidae",{"id":53,"parentId":47,"rankCode":54,"scientificName":55,"chineseName":56,"pathText":57,"displayName":56},670,"GENUS","Pomacea","瓶螺属","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Architaenioglossa > Ampullariidae > Pomacea",{"id":59,"parentId":53,"rankCode":60,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":61,"displayName":6},3797,"SPECIES","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Architaenioglossa > Ampullariidae > Pomacea > Pomacea canaliculata",[27,32,38,44,50,56,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":64,"naturalHabitat":65,"waterLayer":66,"currentPreference":67,"substratePreference":68,"depthMinM":69,"depthMaxM":69,"phMin":70,"phMax":71,"ghMinD":72,"ghMaxD":73,"distributionRegionsJson":74,"habitatType":75,"temperatureMinC":76,"temperatureMaxC":77,"temperature":78},"分布于淡水河流、溪流或湖泊环境，具体原生流域以专项分布资料为准。","生活于淡水、河口或湿地水域，利用底质、植被和岸边结构活动。","BOTTOM","MODERATE","水草或沉水植被","","6.00","7.50","3.00","10.00","[]","淡水或河口水域","24.00","28.00","24.00-28.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":67,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"socialBehavior":82,"swimmingLayer":83,"minimumTankL":84,"temperatureMinC":84,"temperatureMaxC":77,"phMin":85,"phMax":86,"ghMinD":87,"ghMaxD":88,"khMinD":69,"khMaxD":69,"minimumGroupSize":89,"feedingNotes":90,"compatibilityNotes":91,"careNotes":92},"OMNIVORE","PEACEFUL","GROUP","MIDDLE","20.00","6.80","8.00","4.00","12.00","1","杂食性，水族箱中可用综合颗粒\u002F薄片作为主食，并搭配植物性饵料和冷冻或活体小型饵料。","性情温和，适合与体型和水质需求相近的温和物种混养；避免与掠食性或肉食性鱼类同缸。","饲养难度中等。性情温和，可群养，中层活动。苹果螺\u002F福寿螺，食量大，繁殖快，部分为入侵物种",{"maxLengthCm":70,"averageLengthCm":87,"lifespanMinYears":94,"lifespanMaxYears":87,"bodyShape":95,"coloration":96,"distinguishingFeatures":97,"sexualDimorphism":69},"2.00","大型球形贝壳，壳口大，有口盖","福寿螺雌雄异体，个体较大，有完整的螺旋形贝壳；贝壳黄褐色，表面光滑；螺体右旋，贝壳近似圆盘形，体螺层膨大；雌螺壳口单薄，外唇直或略弯，厣周缘平展；雄螺壳口增厚，外唇向外反翘，厣外缘的中部略隆起，上下缘向软体部凹。","Pomacea canaliculata 福寿螺 中腹足目瓶螺科瓶螺属硬壳软体动物 福寿螺（学名：Pomacea canaliculata），是中腹足目瓶螺科瓶螺属硬壳软体动物。福寿螺雌雄异体，个体较大，有完整的螺旋形贝壳；贝壳黄褐色，表面光滑；螺体右旋，贝壳近似圆盘形，体螺层膨大；雌螺壳口单薄，外唇直或略弯，厣周缘平展；雄螺壳口增厚，外唇向外反翘，厣外缘的中部略隆起，上下缘向软体部凹。主要栖息于流速缓慢或静止的淡水水体中。靠腹足爬行，也能在水面缓慢游泳，感觉较灵敏，喜欢集群，尤其偏爱水草丰盛、水质清新、通气良好的水域，但也能忍受污浊的水质。",{"reproductionMode":99,"breedingDifficulty":67,"spawningType":100,"breedingSeason":101,"incubationDaysMin":102,"incubationDaysMax":103,"clutchSizeMin":104,"clutchSizeMax":105,"parentalCare":106,"breedingNotes":107},"EGG_LAYER","卵胎生，直接产幼螺","全年","20","40","5","30","无护幼","繁殖方式：卵生。繁殖难度：中等。雌雄异体，卵生，卵产于水面以上",{"plantNotes":69},{"setupNotes":110,"waterChangeNotes":111,"densityNotes":112,"acclimationNotes":113,"feedingSummary":90,"commonMistakes":114,"completeness":115,"status":116},"准备稳定过滤、平缓底材和足够躲避，缸体不少于 20 升；水温 20–28℃、pH 6.8–8，所有进水口加防护并检查防逃。","每周少量分次换水，新水匹配温度、盐度与硬度；先测试氨和亚硝酸盐。","根据洞穴、藏身点和领地性控制数量；同类争斗时立即增加遮蔽或分缸。","采用滴流等慢速过水，海水无脊椎尤其要匹配盐度；蜕壳前后减少惊扰，禁止含铜药物。","① 过水过快；② 未养好水就入缸；③ 使用含铜药物；④ 缺少躲避或防逃；⑤ 过量投喂导致水质恶化。","100","DRAFT",[118,134,152,170,188],{"id":119,"type":120,"title":121,"sortOrder":122,"payload":123},4880,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[124,126,128,131],{"phase":125,"content":110},"入缸前",{"phase":127,"content":113},"入缸\u002F种植",{"phase":129,"content":130},"第 1–2 周","每日观察摄食、活动、呼吸和体表；异常个体及时隔离。",{"phase":132,"content":133},"稳定后","维持水温 20–28℃、pH 6.8–8，固定换水和维护节奏，不追求参数快速变化。",{"id":135,"type":136,"title":137,"sortOrder":138,"payload":139},4881,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[140,142,144,145,147,150],{"item":141,"must":15},"入缸前确认氨和亚硝酸盐为 0",{"item":143,"must":15},"水温维持 20–28℃、pH 维持 6.8–8",{"item":111,"must":15},{"item":146,"must":15},"按体型、食性和摄食速度控制投喂",{"item":148,"must":149},"观察同类追逐和混养压制，必要时分缸",false,{"item":151,"must":149},"新生物先隔离观察，不盲目用药",{"id":153,"type":154,"title":155,"sortOrder":156,"payload":157},4882,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[158,161,164,167],{"a":159,"q":160},"短期应激较常见，但若伴随急促呼吸、失衡或持续拒食，应立即检测氨、亚硝酸盐、温度、pH及海水盐度。","大瓶螺入缸后躲藏或不吃食正常吗？",{"a":162,"q":163},"避免与体型悬殊、会捕食、咬鳍或长期抢食的对象混养。","大瓶螺可以混养吗？",{"a":165,"q":166},"通常少量 1–2 次，以短时间吃完为准；不同食性和活动节律应调整，残饵必须及时清理。","一天喂几次合适？",{"a":168,"q":169},"持续浮头、急促呼吸、缩鳍、失去平衡、异常爬缸或集体拒食，都是应立即测试水质的信号。","怎样判断水质有问题？",{"id":171,"type":172,"title":173,"sortOrder":174,"payload":175},4883,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[176,180,184],{"name":177,"action":178,"trigger":179},"入缸应激与拒食","先隔离观察并检测水质，保持溶氧；纠正参数时要缓慢，避免反复折腾。","温度、pH或盐度变化过快",{"name":181,"action":182,"trigger":183},"体表异常或擦缸","隔离患病个体，记录症状并确认病因；药物仅按确诊结果和产品说明使用。","新个体带入病原、外伤或水质刺激",{"name":185,"action":186,"trigger":187},"蜕壳\u002F甲壳异常","优先改善水质、减少争斗并提供躲避；严重或持续恶化时咨询专业水生动物医疗人员。","硬度、盐度波动或混养攻击",{"id":189,"type":190,"title":191,"sortOrder":192,"payload":193},4884,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[194,198,201],{"text":195,"level":196,"reason":197},"不要在未完成硝化循环的新缸中直接入缸","BAD","氨和亚硝酸盐可在短时间内造成中毒。",{"text":199,"level":196,"reason":200},"禁止使用含铜药物","虾、蟹、螺等无脊椎动物对铜非常敏感。",{"text":202,"level":203,"reason":204},"避免与体型悬殊或攻击性不匹配的物种混养","CAUTION","捕食、持续追咬和抢食会造成慢性应激。",[],{},100,[209,221],{"id":210,"mediaType":211,"usageType":212,"title":213,"caption":214,"remoteUrl":215,"localPath":216,"mimeType":217,"copyrightHolder":218,"licenseNote":219,"sortOrder":220,"sourceId":24},5497,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","大瓶螺（Pomacea canaliculata）","来源：百度百科概述图；词条：https:\u002F\u002Fwapbaike.baidu.com\u002Fitem\u002F%E7%A6%8F%E5%AF%BF%E8%9E%BA\u002F4201051；图片已下载到后端本地路径，前端展示使用 local_path。","https:\u002F\u002Fbkimg.cdn.bcebos.com\u002Fpic\u002F96dda144ad345982597fa4c703f431adcaef84ea?x-bce-process=image\u002Fformat,f_auto","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F845\u002Fbaike-overview-species-845-0924025d06.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","百度百科 \u002F 原上传者（待人工复核）","保留来源原图；未执行去水印处理，需人工复核版权及水印状态。",0,{"id":222,"mediaType":211,"usageType":223,"title":213,"caption":69,"remoteUrl":224,"localPath":225,"mimeType":217,"copyrightHolder":69,"licenseNote":69,"sortOrder":220,"sourceId":24},5498,"MORPHOLOGY","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F606430395\u002Foriginal.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F845\u002F509-original.jpg",{},[228,253,269,292,311],{"id":229,"speciesCode":230,"canonicalNameZh":231,"scientificName":232,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":233,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":234,"thumbnailUrl":235,"temperatureRange":236,"phRange":237,"sizeRange":238,"careDifficulty":239,"plantPlacement":69,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":240,"aliases":241,"minimumTankL":248,"ghRange":249,"khRange":250,"lifespanRange":251,"priceRange":69,"priceUnit":69,"dataCompleteness":207,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":69,"co2Requirement":69,"growthRate":69,"verificationTags":252,"lastVerifiedAt":24,"lastVerifierName":69,"verificationCount":220,"hasRefetchTag":149},844,"AQSP000844","神秘螺","Pomacea bridgesii",129,"体型最大的常见观赏螺之一，除藻与清理残饵能力强，性格温和又不会啃食健康水草（这点与大瓶螺\u002F福寿螺完全不同）。最大特点是爬出水面产下粉红色卵块，因此缸内必须留出空气层；硬水与补钙是养好它的关键。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F844\u002F505-original.jpg","20.00-28.00 C","7.00-8.00","4.00-6.00 cm","EASY","以缸内藻类、残饵与沉底有机物为主，每天或隔天补充烫熟菠菜、黄瓜、南瓜与沉底螺粮；必须补钙（墨鱼骨、贝壳粉、蒙脱石），否则壳会变薄发白。",[242,243,244,245,246,247],"Mystery Snail","桥氏福寿螺","苹果螺（误称）","神秘苹果螺","黄金螺（黄色型）","象牙螺（白色型）","40.00","8.00-18.00","5.00-12.00","2.00-4.00",[],{"id":254,"speciesCode":255,"canonicalNameZh":256,"scientificName":257,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":258,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":259,"thumbnailUrl":260,"temperatureRange":236,"phRange":261,"sizeRange":262,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":69,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":263,"aliases":264,"minimumTankL":84,"ghRange":267,"khRange":69,"lifespanRange":251,"priceRange":69,"priceUnit":69,"dataCompleteness":207,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":69,"co2Requirement":69,"growthRate":69,"verificationTags":268,"lastVerifiedAt":24,"lastVerifierName":69,"verificationCount":220,"hasRefetchTag":149},841,"AQSP000841","大羊角螺[暂]","Marisa cornuarietis",942,"大羊角螺[暂]（Marisa cornuarietis）是一种淡水观赏螺\u002F软体动物。饲养难度为中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F841\u002F564-111131983.jpg","6.80-8.00","3.80-5.00 cm","杂食性，可投喂藻类、专用螺粮及蔬菜。注意补充钙质以维持贝壳健康。",[265,266],"羊角螺","花带羊角螺","4.00-12.00",[],{"id":270,"speciesCode":271,"canonicalNameZh":272,"scientificName":273,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":274,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":275,"thumbnailUrl":276,"temperatureRange":277,"phRange":278,"sizeRange":279,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":69,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":280,"aliases":281,"minimumTankL":84,"ghRange":288,"khRange":289,"lifespanRange":290,"priceRange":69,"priceUnit":69,"dataCompleteness":207,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":69,"co2Requirement":69,"growthRate":69,"verificationTags":291,"lastVerifiedAt":24,"lastVerifierName":69,"verificationCount":220,"hasRefetchTag":149},2355,"AQSP001776","中华圆田螺","Cipangopaludina chinensis",20120,"原产东亚（中国、日本、韩国）的大型淡水螺，壳高可达7cm，壳厚圆锥形，常见于稻田沟渠；卵胎生直接产仔，繁殖容易；食藻与有机碎屑，适应5-30℃，需硬水保壳。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2191\u002Freview_3832_7d67e3c275.jpg","18.00-28.00 C","6.50-8.00","5.00-7.00 cm","提供生物膜、专用颗粒及植物性补饲，滤食或捕食种需单独复验。",[282,283,284,285,286,287],"中国圆田螺","田螺","中华田螺","圆田螺","大田螺","青螺","5.00-18.00","3.00-10.00","2.00-5.00",[],{"id":293,"speciesCode":294,"canonicalNameZh":295,"scientificName":296,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":297,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":298,"thumbnailUrl":299,"temperatureRange":300,"phRange":237,"sizeRange":301,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":69,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":280,"aliases":302,"minimumTankL":84,"ghRange":249,"khRange":267,"lifespanRange":309,"priceRange":69,"priceUnit":69,"dataCompleteness":207,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":69,"co2Requirement":69,"growthRate":69,"verificationTags":310,"lastVerifiedAt":24,"lastVerifierName":69,"verificationCount":220,"hasRefetchTag":149},2387,"AQSP001808","欧洲田螺","Viviparus viviparus",30166,"欧洲田螺是原产于欧洲缓流河湖的冷水型胎生观赏螺，壳高约3-4cm，具角质厣；与常见神秘螺不同属，直接产下带壳幼螺。适应10-22℃硬水，易养但需补钙防壳薄。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2223\u002FAQGAPF432BD4F9901_f819499653.jpg","10.00-22.00 C","3.00-4.00 cm",[303,304,305,306,307,308],"河螺","沼螺","欧洲圆田螺","欧洲河螺","河田螺","淡水田螺","3.00-5.00",[],{"id":312,"speciesCode":313,"canonicalNameZh":314,"scientificName":315,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":316,"commonnessRank":317,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":318,"thumbnailUrl":319,"temperatureRange":320,"phRange":321,"sizeRange":262,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":69,"diet":322,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":323,"aliases":324,"minimumTankL":326,"ghRange":69,"khRange":327,"lifespanRange":251,"priceRange":69,"priceUnit":69,"dataCompleteness":207,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":69,"co2Requirement":69,"growthRate":69,"verificationTags":328,"lastVerifiedAt":24,"lastVerifierName":69,"verificationCount":220,"hasRefetchTag":149},2054,"AQSP002519","龙宫螺","Taia naticoides","MARINE",1409,"龙宫螺（学名：TAIA NATICOIDES）是田螺科泰田螺属动物，别称苏拉威西龙宫螺、双带龙宫螺、玉泰螺。壳体表面具规则小突起，多数个体带有黑色条纹，部分呈通体灰色，成体体长3-5厘米。该物种为纯淡水螺类，适温范围6-35℃，可在淡水环境中直接饲养。杂食性，摄食人工饲料、底栖鱼饲料及活体饲料，行动缓慢且不食鲜活水草，可与温和的观赏鱼、虾混养。繁殖方式为雌雄异体胎生，雄性右侧触角呈卷曲状，每胎产1-2只幼螺。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002Fcatalog-backfill-20260804\u002Ftaia-naticoides.jpg","24.00-27.00 C","8.10-8.40","HERBIVORE","按实际食性提供颗粒、藻类或小型动物性饵料，少量投喂并及时清理残饵。",[314,325],"nubby piano snail","60.00","8.00-12.00",[],"zh-CN",[329,331],"en-US",{"missingFields":333,"translatedFields":334,"locale":329,"totalFields":334,"status":335},"0","22","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]