[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp000965-palmadusta-asellus":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":19,"taxonomyPath":60,"taxonomyPathText":59,"habitat":61,"care":75,"morphology":88,"reproduction":95,"plant":105,"careGuide":106,"careSections":114,"compatibility":202,"price":203,"dataCompleteness":204,"mediaAssets":205,"media":233,"relatedSpecies":234,"locale":312,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":313,"translationCoverage":315,"updatedAt":319},965,"AQSP000965","棕带焦掌贝","Palmadusta asellus","SNAIL","MARINE",629,"UNRESOLVED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",2,true,"棕带焦掌贝（Palmadusta asellus）是一种海水观赏螺\u002F软体动物。饲养难度为中等。",[18],"浮标宝螺",[20,26,32,38,44,50,56],{"id":21,"parentId":22,"rankCode":23,"scientificName":24,"chineseName":25,"pathText":24,"displayName":25},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":27,"parentId":21,"rankCode":28,"scientificName":29,"chineseName":30,"pathText":31,"displayName":30},5,"PHYLUM","Mollusca","软体动物门","Animalia > Mollusca",{"id":33,"parentId":27,"rankCode":34,"scientificName":35,"chineseName":36,"pathText":37,"displayName":36},9,"CLASS","Gastropoda","腹足纲","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda",{"id":39,"parentId":33,"rankCode":40,"scientificName":41,"chineseName":42,"pathText":43,"displayName":42},3122,"ORDER","Littorinimorpha","滨螺目","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Littorinimorpha",{"id":45,"parentId":39,"rankCode":46,"scientificName":47,"chineseName":48,"pathText":49,"displayName":48},3143,"FAMILY","Cypraeidae","宝贝科","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Littorinimorpha > Cypraeidae",{"id":51,"parentId":45,"rankCode":52,"scientificName":53,"chineseName":54,"pathText":55,"displayName":54},3690,"GENUS","Palmadusta","焦掌贝属","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Littorinimorpha > Cypraeidae > Palmadusta",{"id":57,"parentId":51,"rankCode":58,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":59,"displayName":6},3691,"SPECIES","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Littorinimorpha > Cypraeidae > Palmadusta > Palmadusta asellus",[25,30,36,42,48,54,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":62,"naturalHabitat":63,"waterLayer":64,"currentPreference":65,"substratePreference":66,"depthMinM":67,"depthMaxM":67,"phMin":68,"phMax":69,"ghMinD":67,"ghMaxD":67,"distributionRegionsJson":70,"habitatType":71,"temperatureMinC":72,"temperatureMaxC":73,"temperature":74},"分布于热带海域、珊瑚礁或近岸岩礁环境，具体原生海域以专项分布资料为准。","原生栖息环境：海水。","BOTTOM","MODERATE","活石、岩礁或珊瑚砂","","8.10","8.40","[]","海洋水体","24.00","29.00","24.00-29.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":65,"diet":76,"temperament":77,"socialBehavior":78,"swimmingLayer":79,"minimumTankL":80,"temperatureMinC":72,"temperatureMaxC":81,"phMin":68,"phMax":69,"ghMinD":67,"ghMaxD":67,"khMinD":82,"khMaxD":83,"minimumGroupSize":84,"feedingNotes":85,"compatibilityNotes":86,"careNotes":87},"OMNIVORE","PEACEFUL","GROUP","MIDDLE","60.00","27.00","8.00","12.00","1","杂食性，可投喂藻类、专用螺粮及蔬菜。注意补充钙质以维持贝壳健康。","性情温和，适合与体型和水质需求相近的温和物种混养；珊瑚缸兼容性需按个体确认；避免与掠食性或肉食性鱼类同缸。","饲养难度中等。性情温和，可群养，中层活动。宝螺，贝壳光滑美丽，夜行性食藻",{"maxLengthCm":89,"averageLengthCm":90,"lifespanMinYears":91,"lifespanMaxYears":89,"bodyShape":92,"coloration":93,"distinguishingFeatures":94,"sexualDimorphism":67},"2.00","1.50","1.00","卵圆形贝壳，表面光滑如瓷，背有缝隙","贝壳色彩丰富，有各种斑纹和图案","棕带焦掌贝的主要识别特征与其所属科属的典型特征一致。卵圆形贝壳，表面光滑如瓷，背有缝隙，贝壳色彩丰富，有各种斑纹和图案。",{"reproductionMode":96,"breedingDifficulty":97,"spawningType":98,"breedingSeason":99,"incubationDaysMin":100,"incubationDaysMax":101,"clutchSizeMin":100,"clutchSizeMax":102,"parentalCare":103,"breedingNotes":104},"EGG_LAYER","EASY","产卵囊\u002F卵块，附着于硬物","全年","10","30","200","无护幼","繁殖方式：卵生。卵生，产卵于底床，雌雄异体",{"plantNotes":67},{"setupNotes":107,"waterChangeNotes":108,"densityNotes":109,"acclimationNotes":110,"feedingSummary":85,"commonMistakes":111,"completeness":112,"status":113},"准备成熟海水系统和活石躲避，缸体不少于 60 升；水温 24–27℃、pH 8.1–8.4，所有进水口加防护并检查防逃。","每周少量分次换水，新水匹配温度、盐度与硬度；先测试氨和亚硝酸盐。","根据洞穴、藏身点和领地性控制数量；同类争斗时立即增加遮蔽或分缸。","采用滴流等慢速过水，海水无脊椎尤其要匹配盐度；蜕壳前后减少惊扰，禁止含铜药物。","① 过水过快；② 未养好水就入缸；③ 使用含铜药物；④ 缺少躲避或防逃；⑤ 过量投喂导致水质恶化。","100","DRAFT",[115,131,149,167,185],{"id":116,"type":117,"title":118,"sortOrder":119,"payload":120},5050,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[121,123,125,128],{"phase":122,"content":107},"入缸前",{"phase":124,"content":110},"入缸\u002F种植",{"phase":126,"content":127},"第 1–2 周","每日观察摄食、活动、呼吸和体表；异常个体及时隔离。",{"phase":129,"content":130},"稳定后","维持水温 24–27℃、pH 8.1–8.4，固定换水和维护节奏，不追求参数快速变化。",{"id":132,"type":133,"title":134,"sortOrder":135,"payload":136},5051,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[137,139,141,142,144,147],{"item":138,"must":15},"入缸前确认氨和亚硝酸盐为 0",{"item":140,"must":15},"水温维持 24–27℃、pH 维持 8.1–8.4",{"item":108,"must":15},{"item":143,"must":15},"按体型、食性和摄食速度控制投喂",{"item":145,"must":146},"观察同类追逐和混养压制，必要时分缸",false,{"item":148,"must":146},"新生物先隔离观察，不盲目用药",{"id":150,"type":151,"title":152,"sortOrder":153,"payload":154},5052,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[155,158,161,164],{"a":156,"q":157},"短期应激较常见，但若伴随急促呼吸、失衡或持续拒食，应立即检测氨、亚硝酸盐、温度、pH及海水盐度。","棕带焦掌贝入缸后躲藏或不吃食正常吗？",{"a":159,"q":160},"避免与体型悬殊、会捕食、咬鳍或长期抢食的对象混养。","棕带焦掌贝可以混养吗？",{"a":162,"q":163},"通常少量 1–2 次，以短时间吃完为准；不同食性和活动节律应调整，残饵必须及时清理。","一天喂几次合适？",{"a":165,"q":166},"持续浮头、急促呼吸、缩鳍、失去平衡、异常爬缸或集体拒食，都是应立即测试水质的信号。","怎样判断水质有问题？",{"id":168,"type":169,"title":170,"sortOrder":171,"payload":172},5053,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[173,177,181],{"name":174,"action":175,"trigger":176},"入缸应激与拒食","先隔离观察并检测水质，保持溶氧；纠正参数时要缓慢，避免反复折腾。","温度、pH或盐度变化过快",{"name":178,"action":179,"trigger":180},"体表异常或擦缸","隔离患病个体，记录症状并确认病因；药物仅按确诊结果和产品说明使用。","新个体带入病原、外伤或水质刺激",{"name":182,"action":183,"trigger":184},"蜕壳\u002F甲壳异常","优先改善水质、减少争斗并提供躲避；严重或持续恶化时咨询专业水生动物医疗人员。","硬度、盐度波动或混养攻击",{"id":186,"type":187,"title":188,"sortOrder":189,"payload":190},5054,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[191,195,198],{"text":192,"level":193,"reason":194},"不要在未完成硝化循环的新缸中直接入缸","BAD","氨和亚硝酸盐可在短时间内造成中毒。",{"text":196,"level":193,"reason":197},"禁止使用含铜药物","虾、蟹、螺等无脊椎动物对铜非常敏感。",{"text":199,"level":200,"reason":201},"避免与体型悬殊或攻击性不匹配的物种混养","CAUTION","捕食、持续追咬和抢食会造成慢性应激。",[],{},100,[206,218,223],{"id":207,"mediaType":208,"usageType":209,"title":210,"caption":211,"remoteUrl":212,"localPath":213,"mimeType":214,"copyrightHolder":215,"licenseNote":216,"sortOrder":217,"sourceId":22},5569,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","棕带焦掌贝（Palmadusta asellus）","来源：百度百科概述图；词条：https:\u002F\u002Fbaike.baidu.com\u002Fitem\u002F%E6%B5%AE%E6%A0%87%E5%AE%9D%E8%9E%BA；图片已下载到后端本地路径，前端展示使用 local_path。","https:\u002F\u002Fbkimg.cdn.bcebos.com\u002Fpic\u002Fd7c9ca3fe33ff38f7c1e715d?x-bce-process=image\u002Fresize,m_lfit,w_536,limit_1\u002Fquality,Q_70","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F965\u002Fbaike-overview-species-965-cd0e46296c.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","百度百科 \u002F 原上传者（待人工复核）","保留来源原图；未执行去水印处理，需人工复核版权及水印状态。",0,{"id":219,"mediaType":208,"usageType":220,"title":210,"caption":67,"remoteUrl":221,"localPath":222,"mimeType":214,"copyrightHolder":67,"licenseNote":67,"sortOrder":217,"sourceId":22},5570,"MORPHOLOGY","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F605599502\u002Foriginal.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F965\u002F365-original.jpg",{"id":224,"mediaType":208,"usageType":225,"title":210,"caption":226,"remoteUrl":227,"localPath":228,"mimeType":214,"copyrightHolder":229,"licenseNote":230,"sortOrder":231,"sourceId":232},5571,"OTHER","由 INATURALIST 学名匹配抓取；记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F403463933","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F740793689\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F965\u002FAQSP000965_7b1b86907e.jpg","pollinate","cc-by-nc",99,35,{},[235,253,269,283,296],{"id":236,"speciesCode":237,"canonicalNameZh":238,"scientificName":239,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":240,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":241,"thumbnailUrl":242,"temperatureRange":243,"phRange":244,"sizeRange":245,"careDifficulty":65,"plantPlacement":67,"diet":246,"temperament":77,"feedingNotes":247,"aliases":248,"minimumTankL":80,"ghRange":67,"khRange":250,"lifespanRange":251,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":67,"co2Requirement":67,"growthRate":67,"verificationTags":252,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":146},966,"AQSP000966","焦掌贝","Palmadusta clandestina",630,"焦掌贝（Palmadusta clandestina）为宝贝科焦掌贝属动物。焦掌贝（学名：Palmadusta clandestina）是宝贝科、焦掌贝属的海洋腹足类软体动物，已知包含银丝宝螺等3个亚种。贝壳较小，呈长卵圆形，壳面光滑具瓷光，乳白色，具有宽的棕褐色色带3条，壳基部白色。壳口两唇齿稍强，外唇齿约16～18枚，内唇齿约14～17枚。外套膜为黑褐色，可完全包裹贝壳，水管末端具缨须，足部具白色斑点。该物种分布于中国海南、西沙群岛、香港及台湾海域，国外见于日本南部至澳大利亚、东非沿岸等印度-西太平洋暖水区。栖息于低潮线附近的岩礁间，螺旋部被珐琅质覆盖。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F966\u002Fbaike-overview-species-966-b18bde8199.jpg","24.00-27.00 C","8.10-8.40","1.10-2.60 cm","CARNIVORE","偏肉食，水族箱中可投喂高品质颗粒、冷冻丰年虾、糠虾、贝肉或小型甲壳类，注意少量多次。",[249,249],"银丝宝螺","8.00-12.00","1.00-2.00",[],{"id":254,"speciesCode":255,"canonicalNameZh":256,"scientificName":257,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":258,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":259,"thumbnailUrl":260,"temperatureRange":261,"phRange":244,"sizeRange":262,"careDifficulty":65,"plantPlacement":67,"diet":76,"temperament":77,"feedingNotes":263,"aliases":264,"minimumTankL":80,"ghRange":67,"khRange":250,"lifespanRange":251,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":67,"co2Requirement":67,"growthRate":67,"verificationTags":268,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":146},989,"AQSP000989","花鹿宝螺","Cribrarula cribraria",963,"贝壳表面光滑，浅棕或褐色底上散布多个圆形白斑，边缘与扁平底部纯白，外套膜呈半透明鲜橙红色，是宝贝螺中最易辨认的种类之一。夜间活动，以附着生长的海绵为食，白天多躲藏在珊瑚碎屑和岩石下方。水族饲养需注意其夜行性和对海绵的专食需求，开口难度较高，不适合作为闯缸生物；混养时应避免与会翻动底砂或骚扰躲藏处的鱼类、甲壳类同缸。市场上常以花鹿宝螺、豆点宝螺等名称出售，且存在多个亚种，选购时需留意斑纹差异以免混淆。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F989\u002F265-discern_black.jpg","25.00-29.30 C","1.90-4.40 cm","以底栖碎屑、生物膜、藻类或小型动物性饵料为主，人工饲养时需按具体种类补充沉底饲料并保持水质稳定。",[265,266,267],"Cypraea cribraria\u002F花鹿宝螺[旧]","花鹿筛目贝[暂]","豆点宝螺",[],{"id":270,"speciesCode":271,"canonicalNameZh":272,"scientificName":273,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":274,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":275,"thumbnailUrl":276,"temperatureRange":277,"phRange":244,"sizeRange":278,"careDifficulty":65,"plantPlacement":67,"diet":76,"temperament":77,"feedingNotes":85,"aliases":279,"minimumTankL":80,"ghRange":67,"khRange":250,"lifespanRange":281,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":67,"co2Requirement":67,"growthRate":67,"verificationTags":282,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":146},990,"AQSP000990","虎斑宝贝","Cypraea tigris",635,"虎斑宝贝（Cypraea tigris）是一种海水观赏螺\u002F软体动物。饲养难度为中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F990\u002Fbaike-overview-species-990-e4ff66cb53.jpg","25.40-29.30 C","7.50-16.00 cm",[280,280],"黑星宝螺","2.00-4.00",[],{"id":284,"speciesCode":285,"canonicalNameZh":286,"scientificName":287,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":288,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":289,"thumbnailUrl":290,"temperatureRange":291,"phRange":244,"sizeRange":292,"careDifficulty":65,"plantPlacement":67,"diet":76,"temperament":77,"feedingNotes":85,"aliases":293,"minimumTankL":80,"ghRange":67,"khRange":250,"lifespanRange":251,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":67,"co2Requirement":67,"growthRate":67,"verificationTags":295,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":146},944,"AQSP000944","厚缘拟枣贝","Erronea caurica",623,"厚缘拟枣贝（Erronea caurica）是一种海水观赏螺\u002F软体动物。饲养难度为中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F944\u002Foriginal.jpg","24.50-28.40 C","2.20-7.00 cm",[294,294],"清齿宝螺",[],{"id":297,"speciesCode":298,"canonicalNameZh":299,"scientificName":300,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":301,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":302,"thumbnailUrl":303,"temperatureRange":304,"phRange":244,"sizeRange":305,"careDifficulty":65,"plantPlacement":67,"diet":306,"temperament":77,"feedingNotes":307,"aliases":308,"minimumTankL":310,"ghRange":67,"khRange":250,"lifespanRange":251,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":67,"co2Requirement":67,"growthRate":67,"verificationTags":311,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":146},945,"AQSP000945","拟枣贝","Erronea errones",624,"爱龙宝螺（Erronea errones）为腹足纲宝螺科的软体动物。爱龙宝螺（学名：Erronea errones）是腹足纲宝螺科错宝螺属的中小型软体动物。贝壳呈长卵形，长12-45毫米，螺层内卷，表面覆盖珐琅质，背面浅灰蓝色底散布米褐色细小斑点，中央具较大褐色斑点聚集，腹面米白色，壳口狭长且外唇、内唇具细齿，齿舌纽舌形。成体螺旋部极小埋于体螺层且无厣，外套膜薄、二叶型，可完全包裹贝壳。爱龙宝螺分布于印度洋东部至太平洋西部热带海域，栖息于潮间带至较深的岩礁、珊瑚礁或泥沙海底，昼伏夜出并以海绵、藻类为食。雌雄异体，3-7月产卵于珊瑚洞穴或空贝壳内，母贝产卵后持续护卵至孵化。贝壳因珐琅质层光滑艳丽具有观赏价值。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F945\u002Fbaike-overview-species-945-2b33b078fe.jpg","23.00-28.00 C","1.90-4.50 cm","HERBIVORE","可摄食\u002F可接受饵料：藻类。",[309,309],"爱龙宝螺","160.00",[],"zh-CN",[312,314],"en-US",{"missingFields":316,"translatedFields":317,"locale":312,"totalFields":317,"status":318},"0","26","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]