[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp000974-aplysia-juliana":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":22,"taxonomyPath":63,"taxonomyPathText":62,"habitat":64,"care":80,"morphology":93,"reproduction":101,"plant":111,"careGuide":112,"careSections":120,"compatibility":208,"price":209,"dataCompleteness":210,"mediaAssets":211,"media":240,"relatedSpecies":241,"locale":318,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":319,"translationCoverage":321,"updatedAt":325},974,"AQSP000974","杂斑食苔海猪","Aplysia juliana","SNAIL","MARINE",522,"ACCEPTED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",22,true,"体表杂斑错落，外形圆钝似无壳海兔，受扰时外套腺会释放液体驱退捕食者。暖海产，栖于潮间带礁石间，国内见于厦门。水族箱中开口难度较高，偏好啃食藻类，抢食不积极，混养时需留意其释放的液体可能影响同缸生物，不宜作闯缸鱼。市场上常与近似种混售，辨识不易，选购时需仔细核对斑纹。",[18,19,20,21],"杂斑海兔","杂斑海鹿","染斑海鹿[台]","泡泡海猪",[23,29,35,41,47,53,59],{"id":24,"parentId":25,"rankCode":26,"scientificName":27,"chineseName":28,"pathText":27,"displayName":28},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":30,"parentId":24,"rankCode":31,"scientificName":32,"chineseName":33,"pathText":34,"displayName":33},5,"PHYLUM","Mollusca","软体动物门","Animalia > Mollusca",{"id":36,"parentId":30,"rankCode":37,"scientificName":38,"chineseName":39,"pathText":40,"displayName":39},9,"CLASS","Gastropoda","腹足纲","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda",{"id":42,"parentId":36,"rankCode":43,"scientificName":44,"chineseName":45,"pathText":46,"displayName":45},2767,"ORDER","Aplysiida","海兔目[暂]","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Aplysiida",{"id":48,"parentId":42,"rankCode":49,"scientificName":50,"chineseName":51,"pathText":52,"displayName":51},2768,"FAMILY","Aplysiidae","海兔科","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Aplysiida > Aplysiidae",{"id":54,"parentId":48,"rankCode":55,"scientificName":56,"chineseName":57,"pathText":58,"displayName":57},2769,"GENUS","Aplysia","海兔属","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Aplysiida > Aplysiidae > Aplysia",{"id":60,"parentId":54,"rankCode":61,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":18,"pathText":62,"displayName":18},2771,"SPECIES","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Aplysiida > Aplysiidae > Aplysia > Aplysia juliana",[28,33,39,45,51,57,18],{"salinity":9,"distribution":65,"naturalHabitat":66,"waterLayer":67,"currentPreference":68,"substratePreference":69,"depthMinM":70,"depthMaxM":71,"phMin":72,"phMax":73,"ghMinD":74,"ghMaxD":74,"distributionRegionsJson":75,"habitatType":76,"temperatureMinC":77,"temperatureMaxC":78,"temperature":79},"分布于墨西哥湾。","原生栖息环境：潮池\u002F岩池、潮间带、海水。","BOTTOM","TIDAL","泥沙、红树林根系或潮间带基质","1.00","11.00","8.10","8.40","","[\"墨西哥湾\"]","海洋水体","14.80","28.70","14.80-28.70 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":81,"diet":82,"temperament":83,"socialBehavior":84,"swimmingLayer":85,"minimumTankL":86,"temperatureMinC":77,"temperatureMaxC":78,"phMin":72,"phMax":73,"ghMinD":74,"ghMaxD":74,"khMinD":87,"khMaxD":88,"minimumGroupSize":89,"feedingNotes":90,"compatibilityNotes":91,"careNotes":92},"MODERATE","HERBIVORE","PEACEFUL","GROUP","MIDDLE","100.00","8.00","12.00","1","偏草食或藻食，水族箱中可提供藻片、植物性颗粒、烫熟蔬菜，并避免长期高蛋白投喂。","性情温和，适合与体型和水质需求相近的温和物种混养；藻食性，需保证充足藻类或植物性饵料；珊瑚缸兼容性需按个体确认；避免与掠食性或肉食性鱼类同缸。","饲养难度中等。性情温和，可群养，中层活动。海兔，食藻，受惊会释放紫色墨汁",{"maxLengthCm":94,"averageLengthCm":95,"lifespanMinYears":96,"lifespanMaxYears":97,"bodyShape":98,"coloration":99,"distinguishingFeatures":100,"sexualDimorphism":74},"30.00","11.20","3.00","6.00","中型裸鳃类，体柔软肥厚，有侧翼","贝壳呈椭圆形，边缘褐色，体表散布灰绿、淡黄等多色斑纹。具有紫汁腺及鳃下腺等防御结构，体色随环境变化。","杂斑海兔 杂斑海兔 海兔科海兔属动物 杂斑海兔（学名：Aplysia juliana）是海兔科海兔属的大型海洋软体动物，广泛分布于北纬40°至南纬40°间的世界各暖海，包括中国沿海。体长可达300毫米，皮肤粗糙，头触角末端外侧具裂沟，侧足肥厚且后端联合形成游泳器官。贝壳呈椭圆形，边缘褐色，体表散布灰绿、淡黄等多色斑纹。具有紫汁腺及鳃下腺等防御结构，体色随环境变化。",{"reproductionMode":102,"breedingDifficulty":103,"spawningType":104,"breedingSeason":105,"incubationDaysMin":106,"incubationDaysMax":107,"clutchSizeMin":106,"clutchSizeMax":108,"parentalCare":109,"breedingNotes":110},"EGG_LAYER","EASY","产卵囊\u002F卵块，附着于硬物","全年","10","30","200","无护幼","螺类产透明卵囊附着于缸壁或水草，卵囊孵化后幼螺直接爬行觅食。",{"plantNotes":74},{"setupNotes":113,"waterChangeNotes":114,"densityNotes":115,"acclimationNotes":116,"feedingSummary":90,"commonMistakes":117,"completeness":118,"status":119},"准备成熟海水系统和活石躲避，缸体不少于 100 升；水温 22–26℃、pH 8.1–8.4，所有进水口加防护并检查防逃。","每周少量分次换水，新水匹配温度、盐度与硬度；先测试氨和亚硝酸盐。","根据洞穴、藏身点和领地性控制数量；同类争斗时立即增加遮蔽或分缸。","采用滴流等慢速过水，海水无脊椎尤其要匹配盐度；蜕壳前后减少惊扰，禁止含铜药物。","① 过水过快；② 未养好水就入缸；③ 使用含铜药物；④ 缺少躲避或防逃；⑤ 过量投喂导致水质恶化。","100","DRAFT",[121,137,155,173,191],{"id":122,"type":123,"title":124,"sortOrder":125,"payload":126},5095,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[127,129,131,134],{"phase":128,"content":113},"入缸前",{"phase":130,"content":116},"入缸\u002F种植",{"phase":132,"content":133},"第 1–2 周","每日观察摄食、活动、呼吸和体表；异常个体及时隔离。",{"phase":135,"content":136},"稳定后","维持水温 22–26℃、pH 8.1–8.4，固定换水和维护节奏，不追求参数快速变化。",{"id":138,"type":139,"title":140,"sortOrder":141,"payload":142},5096,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[143,145,147,148,150,153],{"item":144,"must":15},"入缸前确认氨和亚硝酸盐为 0",{"item":146,"must":15},"水温维持 22–26℃、pH 维持 8.1–8.4",{"item":114,"must":15},{"item":149,"must":15},"按体型、食性和摄食速度控制投喂",{"item":151,"must":152},"观察同类追逐和混养压制，必要时分缸",false,{"item":154,"must":152},"新生物先隔离观察，不盲目用药",{"id":156,"type":157,"title":158,"sortOrder":159,"payload":160},5097,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[161,164,167,170],{"a":162,"q":163},"短期应激较常见，但若伴随急促呼吸、失衡或持续拒食，应立即检测氨、亚硝酸盐、温度、pH及海水盐度。","杂斑食苔海猪入缸后躲藏或不吃食正常吗？",{"a":165,"q":166},"珊瑚安全。 无脊椎动物安全。","杂斑食苔海猪可以混养吗？",{"a":168,"q":169},"通常少量 1–2 次，以短时间吃完为准；不同食性和活动节律应调整，残饵必须及时清理。","一天喂几次合适？",{"a":171,"q":172},"持续浮头、急促呼吸、缩鳍、失去平衡、异常爬缸或集体拒食，都是应立即测试水质的信号。","怎样判断水质有问题？",{"id":174,"type":175,"title":176,"sortOrder":177,"payload":178},5098,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[179,183,187],{"name":180,"action":181,"trigger":182},"入缸应激与拒食","先隔离观察并检测水质，保持溶氧；纠正参数时要缓慢，避免反复折腾。","温度、pH或盐度变化过快",{"name":184,"action":185,"trigger":186},"体表异常或擦缸","隔离患病个体，记录症状并确认病因；药物仅按确诊结果和产品说明使用。","新个体带入病原、外伤或水质刺激",{"name":188,"action":189,"trigger":190},"蜕壳\u002F甲壳异常","优先改善水质、减少争斗并提供躲避；严重或持续恶化时咨询专业水生动物医疗人员。","硬度、盐度波动或混养攻击",{"id":192,"type":193,"title":194,"sortOrder":195,"payload":196},5099,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[197,201,204],{"text":198,"level":199,"reason":200},"不要在未完成硝化循环的新缸中直接入缸","BAD","氨和亚硝酸盐可在短时间内造成中毒。",{"text":202,"level":199,"reason":203},"禁止使用含铜药物","虾、蟹、螺等无脊椎动物对铜非常敏感。",{"text":205,"level":206,"reason":207},"避免与体型悬殊或攻击性不匹配的物种混养","CAUTION","捕食、持续追咬和抢食会造成慢性应激。",[],{},100,[212,224,229],{"id":213,"mediaType":214,"usageType":215,"title":216,"caption":217,"remoteUrl":218,"localPath":219,"mimeType":220,"copyrightHolder":221,"licenseNote":222,"sortOrder":223,"sourceId":25},5589,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","杂斑海兔（Aplysia juliana）","来源：百度百科概述图；词条：https:\u002F\u002Fwapbaike.baidu.com\u002Fitem\u002F%E6%9D%82%E6%96%91%E6%B5%B7%E5%85%94\u002F4200851；图片已下载到后端本地路径，前端展示使用 local_path。","https:\u002F\u002Fbkimg.cdn.bcebos.com\u002Fpic\u002F962bd40735fae6cdb1f286280eb30f2442a70f30?x-bce-process=image\u002Fformat,f_auto","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F974\u002Fbaike-overview-species-974-8a14528904.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","百度百科 \u002F 原上传者（待人工复核）","保留来源原图；未执行去水印处理，需人工复核版权及水印状态。",0,{"id":225,"mediaType":214,"usageType":226,"title":18,"caption":74,"remoteUrl":227,"localPath":228,"mimeType":220,"copyrightHolder":74,"licenseNote":74,"sortOrder":223,"sourceId":25},5590,"MORPHOLOGY","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.aquaml.com\u002Fcore\u002Fcreatures\u002FAplysiidae\u002FAplysia_juliana\u002Fdiscern.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F974\u002F257-discern.jpg",{"id":230,"mediaType":214,"usageType":231,"title":232,"caption":233,"remoteUrl":234,"localPath":235,"mimeType":220,"copyrightHolder":236,"licenseNote":237,"sortOrder":238,"sourceId":239},5591,"OTHER","杂斑食苔海猪（Aplysia juliana）","由 INATURALIST 学名匹配抓取；记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F400895320","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F735749125\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F974\u002FAQSP000974_99d08b6832.jpg","daveharasti","cc-by-nc",99,35,{},[242,262,277,292,306],{"id":243,"speciesCode":244,"canonicalNameZh":245,"scientificName":246,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":247,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":248,"thumbnailUrl":249,"temperatureRange":250,"phRange":251,"sizeRange":252,"careDifficulty":81,"plantPlacement":74,"diet":253,"temperament":83,"feedingNotes":254,"aliases":255,"minimumTankL":258,"ghRange":74,"khRange":259,"lifespanRange":260,"priceRange":74,"priceUnit":74,"dataCompleteness":210,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":74,"co2Requirement":74,"growthRate":74,"verificationTags":261,"lastVerifiedAt":25,"lastVerifierName":74,"verificationCount":223,"hasRefetchTag":152},1030,"AQSP001030","黑指纹海兔","Aplysia dactylomela",980,"黑指纹海兔（Aplysia dactylomela）是一种海水观赏螺\u002F软体动物。饲养难度为中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1030\u002F355-original.jpg","22.00-26.00 C","8.10-8.40","18.80-40.00 cm","OMNIVORE","可摄食\u002F可接受饵料：藻类。",[256,257],"环眼海兔","黑指纹海鹿[台]","450.00","8.00-12.00","3.00-6.00",[],{"id":263,"speciesCode":264,"canonicalNameZh":265,"scientificName":266,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":267,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":268,"thumbnailUrl":269,"temperatureRange":270,"phRange":251,"sizeRange":271,"careDifficulty":81,"plantPlacement":74,"diet":82,"temperament":83,"feedingNotes":90,"aliases":272,"minimumTankL":86,"ghRange":74,"khRange":259,"lifespanRange":260,"priceRange":74,"priceUnit":74,"dataCompleteness":210,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":74,"co2Requirement":74,"growthRate":74,"verificationTags":276,"lastVerifiedAt":25,"lastVerifierName":74,"verificationCount":223,"hasRefetchTag":152},1031,"AQSP001031","黑斑海兔","Aplysia kurodai",531,"黑斑海兔（Aplysia kurodai）为海兔科软体动物。黑斑海兔（学名：Aplysia kurodai Baba）是海兔科、海兔属的后鳃亚纲软体动物，属无楯目。成体体长可达200毫米，体色随栖息环境变化，呈紫褐色或黑紫色，体表散布灰白至青绿色斑点，贝壳退化为薄板状卵圆形内壳，侧足发达可辅助游泳，具有紫汁腺和毒腺释放防御性液体。该物种分布于浙江、台湾、海南、香港及日本太平洋沿岸，栖息于低潮带岩礁区或珊瑚礁海域的海藻丛中，以藻类为食。具有雌雄同体特性，繁殖期常多个体串联交尾，卵群呈带状缠绕于海藻或石块表面，其卵具有药用价值。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1031\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1031-59ad71c76e.jpg","20.00-28.00 C","11.20-30.00 cm",[273,274,275],"大海鹿[台]","黑斑海鹿","黑田海兔",[],{"id":278,"speciesCode":279,"canonicalNameZh":280,"scientificName":281,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":282,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":283,"thumbnailUrl":284,"temperatureRange":285,"phRange":251,"sizeRange":286,"careDifficulty":81,"plantPlacement":74,"diet":253,"temperament":83,"feedingNotes":287,"aliases":288,"minimumTankL":86,"ghRange":74,"khRange":259,"lifespanRange":290,"priceRange":74,"priceUnit":74,"dataCompleteness":210,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":74,"co2Requirement":74,"growthRate":74,"verificationTags":291,"lastVerifiedAt":25,"lastVerifierName":74,"verificationCount":223,"hasRefetchTag":152},1032,"AQSP001032","眼斑海兔","Aplysia oculifera",532,"眼斑海兔（Aplysia oculifera）是一种海水观赏螺\u002F软体动物。饲养难度为中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1032\u002F366-original.jpg","19.40-26.60 C","6.00-15.00 cm","杂食性，可投喂藻类、专用螺粮及蔬菜。注意补充钙质以维持贝壳健康。",[289],"眼斑海鹿[台]","2.00-4.00",[],{"id":293,"speciesCode":294,"canonicalNameZh":295,"scientificName":296,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":297,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":298,"thumbnailUrl":299,"temperatureRange":300,"phRange":251,"sizeRange":301,"careDifficulty":81,"plantPlacement":74,"diet":253,"temperament":83,"feedingNotes":287,"aliases":302,"minimumTankL":86,"ghRange":74,"khRange":259,"lifespanRange":290,"priceRange":74,"priceUnit":74,"dataCompleteness":210,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":74,"co2Requirement":74,"growthRate":74,"verificationTags":305,"lastVerifiedAt":25,"lastVerifierName":74,"verificationCount":223,"hasRefetchTag":152},940,"AQSP000940","黑边海兔","Aplysia parvula",946,"黑边海兔（Aplysia parvula）是一种海水观赏螺\u002F软体动物。饲养难度为中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F940\u002F374-34064222.jpg","22.00-27.00 C","4.50-6.00 cm",[303,304],"紫边食苔海猪","黑边海鹿[台]",[],{"id":307,"speciesCode":308,"canonicalNameZh":309,"scientificName":310,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":311,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":312,"thumbnailUrl":313,"temperatureRange":250,"phRange":251,"sizeRange":314,"careDifficulty":81,"plantPlacement":74,"diet":253,"temperament":83,"feedingNotes":287,"aliases":315,"minimumTankL":86,"ghRange":74,"khRange":259,"lifespanRange":290,"priceRange":74,"priceUnit":74,"dataCompleteness":210,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":74,"co2Requirement":74,"growthRate":74,"verificationTags":317,"lastVerifiedAt":25,"lastVerifierName":74,"verificationCount":223,"hasRefetchTag":152},1033,"AQSP001033","网纹海兔","Aplysia pulmonica",1225,"网纹海兔（Aplysia pulmonica）是一种海水观赏螺\u002F软体动物。饲养难度为中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1033\u002F375-66306_Tethys_pulmonica_tryoniana_bas.jpg","6.00-8.00 cm",[316],"网纹海鹿[台]",[],"zh-CN",[318,320],"en-US",{"missingFields":322,"translatedFields":323,"locale":318,"totalFields":323,"status":324},"0","26","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]