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sphenops）为花鳉科花鳉属动物。黑玛丽是鳉形目花鳉科花鳉属鱼类，别名黑摩利鱼。体长而侧扁，呈亚纺锤形；背鳍和胸鳍都很长，胸鳍可长到腹鳍；尾柄长，尾鳍后缘平直。全身墨黑色。雄鱼个体瘦小，臀鳍呈尖形；雌鱼个体较粗大，臀鳍呈圆形。黑玛丽原产于墨西哥，喜欢弱碱性的硬水，对水温的变化很敏感。性情温和，从不互相攻击，也不攻击其他品种的热带鱼。食性较杂，可以动物性饵料和植物性饵料为食，能啃食水草和缸壁上的绿苔。卵胎生，亲鱼每次可产幼鱼10-50尾不等，繁殖期为35天左右，5个月可达到性成熟。黑玛丽是玛丽鱼的变异种，经人工选育后固定的品种。以其特有的黑色引来不少爱好者。经长期选育、杂交，现在已经有了不同姿色和不同肤色的品种，有些品种因其繁殖率低而成为珍贵品种。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1189\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1189-60164721da.jpg","21.00-28.00 C","4.00-7.50 cm","杂食性。人工饲养中，可使用适口规格的薄片或颗粒饲料作为日常主食，可搭配水蚤，可搭配丰年虾，可搭配红虫，可定期补充活体或冷冻饵料。",[332,333,334],"玛丽鱼","皮球玛丽","Balloon 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15-35），水温22-28℃，体长可达15cm。与宽帆玛丽相似，但背鳍更高、分布更局限。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1191\u002FAQSP000773_ec289fb172.jpg","15.00 cm","优质颗粒或薄片为主，按食性搭配活冻饵或植物性食物。",[351,352,353,354,355,356],"双剑玛丽","高鳍玛丽","墨西哥帆鳍玛丽","大帆摩利","大帆玛丽","尤卡坦玛丽","80.00","15.00-18.00",[],{"id":361,"speciesCode":362,"canonicalNameZh":363,"scientificName":364,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":365,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":366,"thumbnailUrl":367,"temperatureRange":368,"phRange":308,"sizeRange":369,"careDifficulty":82,"plantPlacement":104,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":370,"aliases":371,"minimumTankL":373,"ghRange":315,"khRange":374,"lifespanRange":375,"priceRange":104,"priceUnit":104,"dataCompleteness":268,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":104,"co2Requirement":104,"growthRate":104,"verificationTags":376,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":104,"verificationCount":281,"hasRefetchTag":150},1211,"AQSP000793","安德列孔雀鱼","Poecilia wingei",380,"安德列孔雀鱼（Poecilia wingei）综合微颗粒兼顾植物成分和小型动物性饵。温和的小型胎生鱼，宜一雄多雌减轻追逐；与普通孔雀鱼可能杂交，保种时分开。饲养难度：容易。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1211\u002F110476749.jpg","24.00-30.00 C","1.40-2.00 cm","综合微颗粒兼顾植物成分和小型动物性饵。",[372],"Campoma Guppy","30.00","5.00-12.00","2.00-3.00",[],{"id":378,"speciesCode":379,"canonicalNameZh":380,"scientificName":381,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":382,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":383,"thumbnailUrl":384,"temperatureRange":385,"phRange":386,"sizeRange":387,"careDifficulty":82,"plantPlacement":104,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":388,"aliases":389,"minimumTankL":391,"ghRange":392,"khRange":392,"lifespanRange":393,"priceRange":104,"priceUnit":104,"dataCompleteness":268,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":104,"co2Requirement":104,"growthRate":104,"verificationTags":394,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":104,"verificationCount":281,"hasRefetchTag":150},1980,"AQSP002462","食蚊鱼","Gambusia affinis",562,"食蚊鱼（Gambusia affinis）是常见的淡水鱼类。主要栖息于水草茂密的水域，水流缓慢。适宜水温 12.00-29.00℃，饲养难度为简单。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1851\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1851-bd5c3abac5.jpg","18.00-27.00 C","6.00-8.00","3.90-5.10 cm","按实际食性提供颗粒、藻类或小型动物性饵料，少量投喂并及时清理残饵。",[380,390],"Mosquito fish","75.70","5.00-30.00","1.50-3.00",[],"zh-CN",[395,397],"en-US",{"missingFields":118,"translatedFields":399,"locale":395,"totalFields":399,"status":400},"26","COMPLETE","2026-09-28 18:12:57"]