[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp001188-rotala-macrandra":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":19,"taxonomyPath":60,"taxonomyPathText":59,"habitat":61,"care":77,"morphology":91,"reproduction":96,"plant":102,"careGuide":111,"careSections":120,"compatibility":208,"price":209,"dataCompleteness":216,"mediaAssets":217,"media":248,"relatedSpecies":249,"locale":328,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":329,"translationCoverage":331,"updatedAt":335},1353,"AQSP001188","大红叶","Rotala macrandra","PLANT","FRESHWATER",54,"ACCEPTED","CURATED","VERIFIED",21,true,"大红叶（Rotala macrandra）是水族造景中常见的淡水水草，常用于后景。大叶红草代表，色彩强烈但对波动敏感。",[18],"Giant red rotala",[20,26,32,38,44,50,56],{"id":21,"parentId":22,"rankCode":23,"scientificName":24,"chineseName":25,"pathText":24,"displayName":25},760,null,"KINGDOM","Plantae","植物界",{"id":27,"parentId":21,"rankCode":28,"scientificName":29,"chineseName":30,"pathText":31,"displayName":30},761,"PHYLUM","Tracheophyta","维管植物门","Plantae > Tracheophyta",{"id":33,"parentId":27,"rankCode":34,"scientificName":35,"chineseName":36,"pathText":37,"displayName":36},762,"CLASS","Magnoliopsida","木兰纲","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida",{"id":39,"parentId":33,"rankCode":40,"scientificName":41,"chineseName":42,"pathText":43,"displayName":42},2708,"ORDER","Myrtales","桃金娘目","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Myrtales",{"id":45,"parentId":39,"rankCode":46,"scientificName":47,"chineseName":48,"pathText":49,"displayName":48},2709,"FAMILY","Lythraceae","千屈菜科","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Myrtales > Lythraceae",{"id":51,"parentId":45,"rankCode":52,"scientificName":53,"chineseName":54,"pathText":55,"displayName":54},3868,"GENUS","Rotala","节节菜属","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Myrtales > Lythraceae > Rotala",{"id":57,"parentId":51,"rankCode":58,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":59,"displayName":6},3869,"SPECIES","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Myrtales > Lythraceae > Rotala > Rotala macrandra",[25,30,36,42,48,54,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":62,"naturalHabitat":63,"waterLayer":64,"currentPreference":65,"substratePreference":66,"depthMinM":67,"depthMaxM":67,"phMin":68,"phMax":69,"ghMinD":70,"ghMaxD":71,"distributionRegionsJson":72,"habitatType":73,"temperatureMinC":74,"temperatureMaxC":75,"temperature":76}," 原产亚洲。","热带浅水沟渠、沼泽与缓流河川浅滩，挺水或沉水生长","BOTTOM","SLOW","水草或沉水植被","","6.00","7.50","3.00","12.00","[\"印度\", \"美国\", \"中国\", \"尼泊尔\", \"新加坡\"]","水生环境","20.00","28.00","20.00-28.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":78,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"socialBehavior":81,"swimmingLayer":82,"minimumTankL":83,"temperatureMinC":84,"temperatureMaxC":75,"phMin":85,"phMax":86,"ghMinD":70,"ghMaxD":71,"khMinD":87,"khMaxD":71,"minimumGroupSize":67,"feedingNotes":88,"compatibilityNotes":89,"careNotes":90},"EASY","AUTOTROPH","UNKNOWN","NOT_APPLICABLE","ATTACHED","10.00","24.00","4.50","7.00","0.00","水草通过光合作用生长，不需要投喂；保持稳定光照、基础肥力和水流即可。","水草兼容性主要取决于光照、CO2、底床、营养和鱼类啃食风险；混养时应观察叶片损伤和藻类附着。","生长速度中等。肥料需求可按低到中等强度管理，避免在强光和过量营养下诱发藻类附着。",{"maxLengthCm":92,"averageLengthCm":67,"lifespanMinYears":67,"lifespanMaxYears":67,"bodyShape":93,"coloration":94,"distinguishingFeatures":95,"sexualDimorphism":67},"50.00","茎生型水草，叶对生或轮生","水下叶通常呈绿色，部分品种或高光环境可出现红褐、铜色或斑纹变化。","大叶红草代表，色彩强烈但对波动敏感。",{"reproductionMode":97,"breedingDifficulty":78,"spawningType":98,"breedingSeason":99,"incubationDaysMin":67,"incubationDaysMax":67,"clutchSizeMin":67,"clutchSizeMax":67,"parentalCare":100,"breedingNotes":101},"VEGETATIVE","分株、侧芽、剪枝或匍匐茎繁殖","生长旺季","无（营养繁殖）","水草以营养繁殖为主：分株、侧芽、剪枝扦插或匍匐茎分生；有茎草剪取顶枝扦插即可成株。",{"growthForm":103,"placement":104,"growthRate":105,"lightRequirement":106,"co2Requirement":107,"heightMinCm":74,"heightMaxCm":108,"substrateRequirement":109,"nutrientDemand":80,"propagationMethod":110,"plantNotes":90},"STEM","MIDGROUND","MEDIUM","HIGH","REQUIRED","30.00","按物种形态选择附着、栽种或漂浮管理；根茎类水草避免深埋根茎。","分株或按物种形态繁殖",{"setupNotes":112,"waterChangeNotes":113,"densityNotes":114,"acclimationNotes":115,"feedingSummary":116,"commonMistakes":117,"completeness":118,"status":119},"按前、中、后景株型安排位置，避免遮挡；水温 24–28℃、pH 4.5–7，先用稳定的中等光周期观察新叶。","每周换水约四分之一至三分之一，清除溶叶；液肥或根肥少量分次添加。","预留侧芽和新叶展开空间，过密时分批修剪，避免底部长期缺光。","入缸前去除腐烂叶和受损根，冲洗附着杂质；转水初期不频繁移动，待新叶稳定后再调整光肥。","根据新叶颜色和生长速度少量分次补肥，避免光、肥、二氧化碳任一项突然大幅变化。","① 刚入缸就使用强光；② 一次补肥过量；③ 溶叶不及时清理；④ 频繁拔插；⑤ 种植过密导致底部缺光。","100","DRAFT",[121,137,155,173,191],{"id":122,"type":123,"title":124,"sortOrder":125,"payload":126},6155,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[127,129,131,134],{"phase":128,"content":112},"入缸前",{"phase":130,"content":115},"入缸\u002F种植",{"phase":132,"content":133},"第 1–2 周","观察是否长出适应水下环境的新叶，及时清理溶叶。",{"phase":135,"content":136},"稳定后","维持水温 24–28℃、pH 4.5–7，固定换水和维护节奏，不追求参数快速变化。",{"id":138,"type":139,"title":140,"sortOrder":141,"payload":142},6156,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[143,145,147,148,150,153],{"item":144,"must":15},"入缸前确认氨和亚硝酸盐为 0",{"item":146,"must":15},"水温维持 24–28℃、pH 维持 4.5–7",{"item":113,"must":15},{"item":149,"must":15},"光照、肥料和二氧化碳分阶段调整",{"item":151,"must":152},"定期修剪并清除溶叶",false,{"item":154,"must":152},"避免大型草食鱼翻动或啃食",{"id":156,"type":157,"title":158,"sortOrder":159,"payload":160},6157,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[161,164,167,170],{"a":162,"q":163},"水上叶转水下叶、运输损伤或参数骤变都可能造成老叶退化。剪除腐烂部分，保持光照和水质稳定，重点观察新叶。","大红叶入缸后为什么会溶叶？",{"a":165,"q":166},"应结合该草的光照等级和生长速度判断；即使添加二氧化碳，也要从低量开始并保持稳定。","是否必须添加二氧化碳？",{"a":168,"q":169},"先排除光照过强和根系损伤，再依据新叶表现少量分次补充综合肥，避免一次加量过大。","叶片发黄或新叶变白怎么办？",{"a":171,"q":172},"多数水草可通过剪取健康茎段、分株、匍匐茎或分离侧芽繁殖，具体方法应结合其株型。","怎样繁殖？",{"id":174,"type":175,"title":176,"sortOrder":177,"payload":178},6158,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[179,183,187],{"name":180,"action":181,"trigger":182},"溶叶\u002F黑叶","剪除坏叶，保持参数稳定，观察健康新叶。","转水、温差或根系受损",{"name":184,"action":185,"trigger":186},"新叶褪色","先核对光周期，再少量分次补肥，避免一次过量。","光肥失衡或微量元素不足",{"name":188,"action":189,"trigger":190},"叶面附藻","缩短过量光照、改善水流并手工清理。","光照过强、水流死角或营养失衡",{"id":192,"type":193,"title":194,"sortOrder":195,"payload":196},6159,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[197,201,205],{"text":198,"level":199,"reason":200},"不要在转水期突然增强光照","CAUTION","老叶尚未适应时容易溶叶并诱发藻类。",{"text":202,"level":203,"reason":204},"避免一次性过量施肥","BAD","植株吸收不及会显著增加爆藻风险。",{"text":206,"level":199,"reason":207},"谨慎与大型草食鱼混养","嫩芽可能被啃食，底床也可能被翻动。",[],{"min":70,"max":83,"median":210,"currency":211,"unit":212,"asOfMonth":213,"sampleCount":214,"status":215},"6.10","CNY","株","2026-08","12","FRESH",100,[218,230,238],{"id":219,"mediaType":220,"usageType":221,"title":222,"caption":223,"remoteUrl":224,"localPath":225,"mimeType":226,"copyrightHolder":227,"licenseNote":228,"sortOrder":229,"sourceId":22},6023,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","大红叶（Rotala macrandra）","来源：百度百科概述图；词条：https:\u002F\u002Fwapbaike.baidu.com\u002Fitem\u002F%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%A2%E5%8F%B6\u002F6032066；图片已下载到后端本地路径，前端展示使用 local_path。","https:\u002F\u002Fbkimg.cdn.bcebos.com\u002Fpic\u002Fe850352ac65c1038365e01fab0119313b07e89e2?x-bce-process=image\u002Fformat,f_auto","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1353\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1353-5a54c4e057.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","百度百科 \u002F 原上传者（待人工复核）","保留来源原图；未执行去水印处理，需人工复核版权及水印状态。",0,{"id":231,"mediaType":220,"usageType":232,"title":222,"caption":233,"remoteUrl":234,"localPath":235,"mimeType":226,"copyrightHolder":236,"licenseNote":237,"sortOrder":229,"sourceId":14},6024,"MORPHOLOGY","按学名从 iNaturalist 匹配并本地缓存；来源：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F94436585","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F156654378\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1353\u002Flarge.jpg","(c) Dinesh Valke, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)","cc-by-sa",{"id":239,"mediaType":220,"usageType":240,"title":222,"caption":241,"remoteUrl":242,"localPath":243,"mimeType":226,"copyrightHolder":244,"licenseNote":245,"sortOrder":246,"sourceId":247},6025,"OTHER","由 INATURALIST 学名匹配抓取；记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F259521026","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F465880378\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1353\u002FAQSP001188_40892bd73d.jpg","mohammadalimhetar","cc-by-nc",99,35,{},[250,272,286,296,318],{"id":251,"speciesCode":252,"canonicalNameZh":253,"scientificName":254,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":255,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":256,"thumbnailUrl":257,"temperatureRange":76,"phRange":258,"sizeRange":259,"careDifficulty":78,"plantPlacement":104,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":260,"aliases":261,"minimumTankL":108,"ghRange":268,"khRange":269,"lifespanRange":67,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":216,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":105,"co2Requirement":270,"growthRate":105,"verificationTags":271,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":229,"hasRefetchTag":152},2349,"AQSP001770","印度小圆叶","Rotala indica",20113,"原产于印度及东南亚的常见茎生水草，水中叶呈圆形或卵形，强光下可由绿色转为粉红至橙红色。株高通常 5-25 cm，适合中景或后景；与圆叶节节菜（Rotala rotundifolia）外观相似，但叶片更小、节间更短，植株更紧凑。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2185\u002FAQGAPA911FD4EDC0C_17ce188b33.jpg","6.00-7.50","5.00-25.00 cm","通过根系和叶片吸收肥料，根据植物状态补充宏量与微量元素。",[262,263,264,265,266,267],"印度圆叶","小血心兰","圆叶节节菜","小圆叶","粉红圆叶","迷你圆叶","2.00-12.00","2.00-8.00","OPTIONAL",[],{"id":273,"speciesCode":274,"canonicalNameZh":275,"scientificName":276,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":277,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":278,"thumbnailUrl":279,"temperatureRange":76,"phRange":280,"sizeRange":281,"careDifficulty":78,"plantPlacement":282,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":283,"aliases":284,"minimumTankL":67,"ghRange":67,"khRange":67,"lifespanRange":67,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":216,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":105,"co2Requirement":270,"growthRate":105,"verificationTags":285,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":229,"hasRefetchTag":152},2980,"AQSP002400","墨西哥圆叶","Rotala mexicana",10506,"墨西哥圆叶（Rotala mexicana）是分布于澳大利亚、日本、巴西、韩国、哥伦比亚、中国、阿根廷、印度的淡水水生植物，柔软茎条上排列狭长或椭圆叶片，可在水中形成成丛植株。水族栽培建议水温20–28℃、pH 5.5–7.5，株高约15–60厘米，可通过分株、剪枝或断枝繁殖。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2895\u002FAQSP002400_d1a8a7b44c.jpg","5.50-7.50","15.00-60.00 cm","BACKGROUND","通过根系和叶片吸收营养，根据新叶颜色和生长速度少量分次补充肥料。",[],[],{"id":287,"speciesCode":288,"canonicalNameZh":289,"scientificName":290,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":291,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":292,"thumbnailUrl":293,"temperatureRange":76,"phRange":280,"sizeRange":281,"careDifficulty":78,"plantPlacement":282,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":283,"aliases":294,"minimumTankL":67,"ghRange":67,"khRange":67,"lifespanRange":67,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":216,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":105,"co2Requirement":270,"growthRate":105,"verificationTags":295,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":229,"hasRefetchTag":152},2981,"AQSP002401","垂枝圆叶","Rotala pendulus",10507,"垂枝圆叶（Rotala pendulus）是分布于美国、澳大利亚、日本、中国、印度、韩国、中国台湾、巴西的淡水水生植物，柔软茎条上排列狭长或椭圆叶片，可在水中形成成丛植株。水族栽培建议水温20–28℃、pH 5.5–7.5，株高约15–60厘米，可通过分株、剪枝或断枝繁殖。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2896\u002FAQSP002401_536d07fddc.jpg",[],[],{"id":297,"speciesCode":298,"canonicalNameZh":299,"scientificName":300,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":125,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":301,"thumbnailUrl":302,"temperatureRange":76,"phRange":258,"sizeRange":303,"careDifficulty":78,"plantPlacement":282,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":304,"aliases":305,"minimumTankL":108,"ghRange":309,"khRange":310,"lifespanRange":67,"priceRange":311,"priceUnit":212,"dataCompleteness":216,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":105,"co2Requirement":312,"growthRate":313,"verificationTags":314,"lastVerifiedAt":315,"lastVerifierName":316,"verificationCount":317,"hasRefetchTag":152},1312,"AQSP001147","宫廷草","Rotala rotundifolia","原产东南亚及中国南方的常见红色系水草，水中叶狭长披针形，强光下可由绿转红或橙红。生长迅速，打头即可繁殖，是水草缸中后景的主力品种。对CO2要求不严，适合新手尝试红色系水草。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1312\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1312-ff7e94945c.jpg","15.00-40.00 cm","不投喂；通过根系和叶片吸收养分，按生长速度补充水草肥并避免营养失衡。",[264,306,307,308,53,264],"粉虎耳","绿宫廷原种","血红宫廷","2.00-15.00","1.00-8.00","2.00-9.90","RECOMMENDED","FAST",[],"2026-08-06 08:06:13","超级管理员",1,{"id":319,"speciesCode":320,"canonicalNameZh":321,"scientificName":322,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":323,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":324,"thumbnailUrl":325,"temperatureRange":76,"phRange":280,"sizeRange":281,"careDifficulty":78,"plantPlacement":282,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":283,"aliases":326,"minimumTankL":67,"ghRange":67,"khRange":67,"lifespanRange":67,"priceRange":67,"priceUnit":67,"dataCompleteness":216,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":105,"co2Requirement":270,"growthRate":105,"verificationTags":327,"lastVerifiedAt":22,"lastVerifierName":67,"verificationCount":229,"hasRefetchTag":152},2982,"AQSP002402","南津山圆叶","Rotala sp",10508,"南津山圆叶（Rotala sp）是分布于美国、澳大利亚、日本、中国、印度、韩国、中国台湾、巴西的淡水水生植物，柔软茎条上排列狭长或椭圆叶片，可在水中形成成丛植株。水族栽培建议水温20–28℃、pH 5.5–7.5，株高约15–60厘米，可通过分株、剪枝或断枝繁殖。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2897\u002FAQSP002402_3a638231ef.jpg",[],[],"zh-CN",[328,330],"en-US",{"missingFields":332,"translatedFields":333,"locale":328,"totalFields":333,"status":334},"0","27","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]