[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp001490-chaetodontoplus-melanosoma":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":21,"taxonomyPath":62,"taxonomyPathText":61,"habitat":63,"care":79,"morphology":93,"reproduction":101,"plant":112,"careGuide":113,"careSections":122,"compatibility":210,"price":211,"dataCompleteness":212,"mediaAssets":213,"media":236,"relatedSpecies":237,"locale":314,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":315,"translationCoverage":317,"updatedAt":321},1655,"AQSP001490","黑宝马","Chaetodontoplus melanosoma","FISH","MARINE",306,"ACCEPTED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",22,true,"通体深褐色、头部淡黄褐并散布不规则黄色小点的卵圆形神仙鱼，背鳍与臀鳍同为深褐却镶着醒目的黄边，尾鳍整片鲜黄，一眼便能与其他宝马类区分。它栖息于珊瑚丛生的礁区斜坡，多半单独或成小群活动，性喜藏身于礁体间。入缸后适应期较敏感，开口需耐心诱导，抢食不算积极，混养时应避开过于凶猛的鱼只，也不宜当作闯缸鱼使用。前鳃盖具硬棘，捞取时需小心被刺伤。",[18,19,20],"宝马仙","珍珠宝马神仙","黑身荷包鱼",[22,28,34,40,46,52,58],{"id":23,"parentId":24,"rankCode":25,"scientificName":26,"chineseName":27,"pathText":26,"displayName":27},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":29,"parentId":23,"rankCode":30,"scientificName":31,"chineseName":32,"pathText":33,"displayName":32},3,"PHYLUM","Chordata","脊索动物门","Animalia > Chordata",{"id":35,"parentId":29,"rankCode":36,"scientificName":37,"chineseName":38,"pathText":39,"displayName":38},7,"CLASS","Actinopteri","辐鳍鱼纲","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri",{"id":41,"parentId":35,"rankCode":42,"scientificName":43,"chineseName":44,"pathText":45,"displayName":44},2524,"ORDER","Perciformes","鲈形目","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Perciformes",{"id":47,"parentId":41,"rankCode":48,"scientificName":49,"chineseName":50,"pathText":51,"displayName":50},2776,"FAMILY","Pomacanthidae","刺盖鱼科","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Perciformes > Pomacanthidae",{"id":53,"parentId":47,"rankCode":54,"scientificName":55,"chineseName":56,"pathText":57,"displayName":56},4372,"GENUS","Chaetodontoplus","荷包鱼属","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Perciformes > Pomacanthidae > Chaetodontoplus",{"id":59,"parentId":53,"rankCode":60,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":20,"pathText":61,"displayName":20},4489,"SPECIES","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Perciformes > Pomacanthidae > Chaetodontoplus > Chaetodontoplus melanosoma",[27,32,38,44,50,56,20],{"salinity":9,"distribution":64,"naturalHabitat":65,"waterLayer":66,"currentPreference":67,"substratePreference":68,"depthMinM":69,"depthMaxM":70,"phMin":71,"phMax":72,"ghMinD":73,"ghMaxD":73,"distributionRegionsJson":74,"habitatType":75,"temperatureMinC":76,"temperatureMaxC":77,"temperature":78},"自然分布于印度洋-西太平洋；主要记录于 新几内亚、几内亚、日本。","原生栖息于近岸海域。","BOTTOM","MODERATE","岩石、礁石或珊瑚礁基质","5.00","30.00","8.10","8.40","","[\"菲律宾\", \"印度尼西亚\", \"日本\", \"中国台湾\", \"东帝汶\", \"澳大利亚\", \"韩国\", \"所罗门群岛\", \"美国\"]","海洋水体","24.00","29.00","24.00-29.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":67,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"socialBehavior":82,"swimmingLayer":83,"minimumTankL":84,"temperatureMinC":85,"temperatureMaxC":86,"phMin":71,"phMax":72,"ghMinD":73,"ghMaxD":73,"khMinD":87,"khMaxD":88,"minimumGroupSize":89,"feedingNotes":90,"compatibilityNotes":91,"careNotes":92},"OMNIVORE","SEMI_AGGRESSIVE","GROUP","ALL","473.20","22.20","25.60","8.00","12.00","5","按实际食性提供颗粒、藻类或小型动物性饵料，少量投喂并及时清理残饵。","具一定领域性，繁殖期攻击性明显上升，适合与体型相近、性情相当的鱼混养，避免与过于温顺或行动缓慢的鱼同缸；成体可达 20 cm，避免与体长不足其三分之一的鱼混养；珊瑚缸不安全：会啃食或捕食珊瑚、软体与甲壳类，建议纯鱼缸（FOWLR）饲养。","保持温度、pH、硬度或盐度稳定，定期检测氨和亚硝酸盐，避免一次性大幅换水。",{"maxLengthCm":94,"averageLengthCm":95,"lifespanMinYears":69,"lifespanMaxYears":96,"bodyShape":97,"coloration":98,"distinguishingFeatures":99,"sexualDimorphism":100},"20.00","15.20","10.00","侧扁圆盘形鱼体，体高，鳃盖有棘","体卵圆形。吻圆钝。眼间隔圆凸。口小；两颌齿呈细刷毛状。前眼眶骨无棘，后缘不游离；前鳃盖后缘具锯齿；间鳃盖骨大，无棘。体被小鳞，躯干部鳞各具一副鳞；侧线止于背鳍末端下方。背鳍硬棘XIII，软条17；臀鳍硬棘III，软条17；背鳍与臀鳍软条部后端圆形；腹鳍尖形，第一软条延长；尾鳍圆形。体一致为深褐色；头部淡黄褐色，散布不规则的黄色小点。背鳍及臀鳍亦为深褐色而具黄缘；腹鳍深褐色；尾鳍黄色。","尾鳍为黑色，外缘带有黄色的亮边。","雌雄通常在体型、体色或鳍形上有差异，具体因种类而异。雄鱼一般体色更鲜艳、体型更修长。",{"reproductionMode":102,"breedingDifficulty":103,"spawningType":104,"breedingSeason":105,"incubationDaysMin":106,"incubationDaysMax":107,"clutchSizeMin":108,"clutchSizeMax":109,"parentalCare":110,"breedingNotes":111},"EGG_LAYER","EXPERT","成对产浮性卵，无护幼","暖季","1","2","500","10000","无护幼","神仙鱼成对产浮性卵于开放水域，无护幼；人工繁殖成功案例极少。",{"plantNotes":73},{"setupNotes":114,"waterChangeNotes":115,"densityNotes":116,"acclimationNotes":117,"feedingSummary":118,"commonMistakes":119,"completeness":120,"status":121},"缸体不少于 300 升，稳定海水盐度并提供活石结构；水温 24–27℃、pH 8.1–8.4，按成体体型预留活动区并加盖防跳。","每周换水约四分之一至三分之一，新水除氯、等温；海水鱼还需匹配盐度，换水前先测氨和亚硝酸盐。","根据成体体型、领地性和过滤能力控制密度；出现持续追咬时分缸。","新个体先隔离观察，再缓慢对温、对水；入缸初期减光并观察呼吸、摄食和体表。","栖息于珊瑚丛生的礁区斜坡。多半单独活动或成小群活动。","① 新缸未完成循环就入鱼；② 一次加入过多生物；③ 忽略成体体型与领地性；④ 过量投喂；⑤ 未隔离新鱼。","100","DRAFT",[123,139,157,175,193],{"id":124,"type":125,"title":126,"sortOrder":127,"payload":128},7570,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[129,131,133,136],{"phase":130,"content":114},"入缸前",{"phase":132,"content":117},"入缸\u002F种植",{"phase":134,"content":135},"第 1–2 周","每日观察摄食、活动、呼吸和体表；异常个体及时隔离。",{"phase":137,"content":138},"稳定后","维持水温 24–27℃、pH 8.1–8.4，固定换水和维护节奏，不追求参数快速变化。",{"id":140,"type":141,"title":142,"sortOrder":143,"payload":144},7571,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[145,147,149,150,152,155],{"item":146,"must":15},"入缸前确认氨和亚硝酸盐为 0",{"item":148,"must":15},"水温维持 24–27℃、pH 维持 8.1–8.4",{"item":115,"must":15},{"item":151,"must":15},"按体型、食性和摄食速度控制投喂",{"item":153,"must":154},"观察同类追逐和混养压制，必要时分缸",false,{"item":156,"must":154},"新生物先隔离观察，不盲目用药",{"id":158,"type":159,"title":160,"sortOrder":161,"payload":162},7572,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[163,166,169,172],{"a":164,"q":165},"短期应激较常见，但若伴随急促呼吸、失衡或持续拒食，应立即检测氨、亚硝酸盐、温度、pH及海水盐度。","黑宝马入缸后躲藏或不吃食正常吗？",{"a":167,"q":168},"建议按海水缸常规相容性继续人工核验。","黑宝马可以混养吗？",{"a":170,"q":171},"通常少量 1–2 次，以短时间吃完为准；不同食性和活动节律应调整，残饵必须及时清理。","一天喂几次合适？",{"a":173,"q":174},"持续浮头、急促呼吸、缩鳍、失去平衡、异常爬缸或集体拒食，都是应立即测试水质的信号。","怎样判断水质有问题？",{"id":176,"type":177,"title":178,"sortOrder":179,"payload":180},7573,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[181,185,189],{"name":182,"action":183,"trigger":184},"入缸应激与拒食","先隔离观察并检测水质，保持溶氧；纠正参数时要缓慢，避免反复折腾。","温度、pH或盐度变化过快",{"name":186,"action":187,"trigger":188},"体表异常或擦缸","隔离患病个体，记录症状并确认病因；药物仅按确诊结果和产品说明使用。","新个体带入病原、外伤或水质刺激",{"name":190,"action":191,"trigger":192},"鳍部损伤或继发感染","优先改善水质、减少争斗并提供躲避；严重或持续恶化时咨询专业水生动物医疗人员。","追咬、擦伤或长期水质不良",{"id":194,"type":195,"title":196,"sortOrder":197,"payload":198},7574,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[199,203,206],{"text":200,"level":201,"reason":202},"不要在未完成硝化循环的新缸中直接入缸","BAD","氨和亚硝酸盐可在短时间内造成中毒。",{"text":204,"level":201,"reason":205},"不要未确诊就混用药物","错误叠加用药可能掩盖病因并造成二次伤害。",{"text":207,"level":208,"reason":209},"避免与体型悬殊或攻击性不匹配的物种混养","CAUTION","捕食、持续追咬和抢食会造成慢性应激。",[],{},100,[214,226],{"id":215,"mediaType":216,"usageType":217,"title":218,"caption":219,"remoteUrl":220,"localPath":221,"mimeType":222,"copyrightHolder":223,"licenseNote":224,"sortOrder":225,"sourceId":24},6558,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","黑宝马（Chaetodontoplus melanosoma）","来源：百度百科概述图；词条：https:\u002F\u002Fwapbaike.baidu.com\u002Fitem\u002F%E9%BB%91%E8%BA%AB%E8%8D%B7%E5%8C%85%E9%B1%BC\u002F2469077；图片已下载到后端本地路径，前端展示使用 local_path。","https:\u002F\u002Fbkimg.cdn.bcebos.com\u002Fpic\u002Fe61190ef76c6a7efce1b3d6f2eabb851f3deb48fc862?x-bce-process=image\u002Fformat,f_auto","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1655\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1655-dd9f3ceb85.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","百度百科 \u002F 原上传者（待人工复核）","保留来源原图；未执行去水印处理，需人工复核版权及水印状态。",0,{"id":227,"mediaType":216,"usageType":228,"title":218,"caption":229,"remoteUrl":230,"localPath":231,"mimeType":222,"copyrightHolder":232,"licenseNote":233,"sortOrder":234,"sourceId":235},6559,"OTHER","由 INATURALIST 学名匹配抓取；记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F358433914","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F653868505\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1655\u002FAQSP001490_0c2f83328d.jpg","maractwin","cc-by-nc",99,35,{},[238,259,272,287,300],{"id":239,"speciesCode":240,"canonicalNameZh":241,"scientificName":242,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":243,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":244,"thumbnailUrl":245,"temperatureRange":246,"phRange":247,"sizeRange":248,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":80,"temperament":249,"feedingNotes":250,"aliases":251,"minimumTankL":253,"ghRange":73,"khRange":254,"lifespanRange":255,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":212,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":256,"lastVerifiedAt":257,"lastVerifierName":258,"verificationCount":23,"hasRefetchTag":154},1581,"AQSP001416","蓝点神仙","Chaetodontoplus caeruleopunctatus",727,"体色深暗缀满细密蓝色斑点，是它最醒目的标志。这种鱼在水族贸易中极少出口，市面上难得一见，饲养记录也相当有限。已知它以海绵和被囊动物为食，这意味着开口难度不小，普通饵料未必能顺利接受，投喂时需要多花心思。栖息环境尚不明确，推测可能生活在沿岸水域。由于资料稀缺，混养表现、领域性强弱、能否充当闯缸鱼以及寿命长短都缺乏可靠参考，入手前需对饲养难度有充分预期。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2026\u002F08\u002F12375e24-59b7-426d-8004-a669f835878e.jpg","22.20-25.60 C","8.10-8.40","13.40-20.00 cm","PEACEFUL","杂食性。可投喂合适的颗粒或薄片饲料，辅以冻饵和活饵。",[252],"淡斑荷包鱼","454.00","8.00-12.00","5.00-10.00",[],"2026-08-06 08:23:13","超级管理员",{"id":260,"speciesCode":261,"canonicalNameZh":262,"scientificName":263,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":264,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":265,"thumbnailUrl":266,"temperatureRange":246,"phRange":247,"sizeRange":267,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":80,"temperament":249,"feedingNotes":250,"aliases":268,"minimumTankL":253,"ghRange":73,"khRange":254,"lifespanRange":255,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":212,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":270,"lastVerifiedAt":271,"lastVerifierName":258,"verificationCount":23,"hasRefetchTag":154},1582,"AQSP001417","眼镜仙","Chaetodontoplus conspicillatus",728,"体色鲜艳的深水珊瑚礁鱼类，眼部周围有标志性斑纹，形似戴眼镜。幼鱼会出现在浅至1米的环礁湖中，成鱼则栖息于较深水域，成对活动。以海绵和被囊类为食，食性特殊，水族箱内开口难度较大，需提供相应饵料。观赏鱼贸易中较为罕见，价格不菲，混养时需留意其领域性。前鳃盖骨具硬棘，捞取时需小心操作避免被刺伤。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2026\u002F08\u002Fa0dc296d-ed0d-4cb4-a7a4-9dcd0565768b.jpg","7.20-10.00 cm",[269],"大堡礁荷包鱼",[],"2026-08-06 08:36:19",{"id":273,"speciesCode":274,"canonicalNameZh":275,"scientificName":276,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":277,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":278,"thumbnailUrl":279,"temperatureRange":246,"phRange":247,"sizeRange":280,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":80,"temperament":249,"feedingNotes":250,"aliases":281,"minimumTankL":253,"ghRange":73,"khRange":254,"lifespanRange":255,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":212,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":286,"lastVerifiedAt":24,"lastVerifierName":73,"verificationCount":225,"hasRefetchTag":154},1654,"AQSP001489","黄尾黑宝马","Chaetodontoplus dimidiatus",774,"体色以深黑为主，通身如丝绒般沉暗，尾鳍却亮黄醒目，黑黄对比强烈，一眼可辨。市面也叫黄尾宝马、丝绒荷包鱼、丝绒神仙。饲养上开口不算太困难，抢食积极，但前鳃盖骨带硬棘，捞取和混养时需留意别被划伤，也容易欺负体型偏小的鱼。它属于会越长越大的类型，成体后体色往往还会发生变化，加上市场上近似种混售、不易分辨，入手前最好确认清楚。食性偏杂，活动有领域性，不适合当闯缸鱼。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1654\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1654-bc2851d1b7.png","13.40-22.00 cm",[282,283,284,285],"丝绒神仙","丝绒荷包鱼","秀美荷包鱼","黄尾宝马",[],{"id":288,"speciesCode":289,"canonicalNameZh":290,"scientificName":291,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":292,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":293,"thumbnailUrl":294,"temperatureRange":246,"phRange":247,"sizeRange":295,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":80,"temperament":249,"feedingNotes":296,"aliases":297,"minimumTankL":253,"ghRange":73,"khRange":254,"lifespanRange":255,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":212,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":299,"lastVerifiedAt":24,"lastVerifierName":73,"verificationCount":225,"hasRefetchTag":154},1583,"AQSP001418","澳洲神仙","Chaetodontoplus duboulayi",729,"体色深褐，头部一道宽过眼径的黑色眼带，其后紧接白色斑纹，吻部与颐部泛黄，背鳍和臀鳍上还缀着数条波状断续的纵纹，腹鳍与尾鳍则呈鲜黄色，整体卵圆钝吻，辨识度颇高。它栖息于珊瑚礁交错的岩礁、石砾及软底质水域，习惯成小群活动，入缸后多能适应人工环境，但抢食不算凶猛，混养时需留意体型悬殊的同伴。前鳃盖后缘带锯齿，捞取时须小心其硬棘划伤。市场上与近似种混售的情况不少，挑选时应认准眼带后那道白斑与黄色吻部，避免买错。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1583\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1583-9134edc0fc.jpg","13.40-28.00 cm","栖息于各种与珊瑚礁相交错的水域，包括岩礁区、石砾区、软性底质区及礁盘区等，通常成小群活动。",[298],"眼带荷包鱼",[],{"id":301,"speciesCode":302,"canonicalNameZh":303,"scientificName":304,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":305,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":306,"thumbnailUrl":307,"temperatureRange":246,"phRange":247,"sizeRange":308,"careDifficulty":309,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":90,"aliases":310,"minimumTankL":312,"ghRange":73,"khRange":254,"lifespanRange":255,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":212,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":313,"lastVerifiedAt":271,"lastVerifierName":258,"verificationCount":23,"hasRefetchTag":154},1584,"AQSP001419","黄尾仙","Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus",290,"蓝唇与黄脸形成鲜明撞色，眼后一条黑纹贯穿，头后灰色渐变为大片黑斑并缀满黄色斑点，尾鳍纯黄，背鳍与臀鳍镶着亮蓝边，腹鳍雪白，一眼便能认出。水族箱中开口不算困难，抢食积极，但领域性强，同种或近似种混养易起冲突，宜最后入缸。它并非珊瑚缸安全之选，会啃食珊瑚，且最大能长到近二十厘米，需预留足够空间。市场上与近似种混售时，重点看蓝唇、黄尾与黑斑上的黄点组合来分辨。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2026\u002F08\u002F0b344af9-0c29-4e6a-a5bd-46ec6bb55e2e.jpg","13.30-18.00 cm","HARD",[311],"中白荷包鱼","454.20",[],"zh-CN",[314,316],"en-US",{"missingFields":318,"translatedFields":319,"locale":314,"totalFields":319,"status":320},"0","22","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]