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5-20。与同属其他种相比体型较小、群居性强，适合温和社区缸，但会吞食过小鱼虾。",[18,19,20,21,22,23,24],"倒游鲶","黑腹歧须鮠","倒吊鲶","倒游猫","倒游鲶鱼","反游老鼠","反游鲶鱼",[26,32,38,44,50,56,62],{"id":27,"parentId":28,"rankCode":29,"scientificName":30,"chineseName":31,"pathText":30,"displayName":31},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":33,"parentId":27,"rankCode":34,"scientificName":35,"chineseName":36,"pathText":37,"displayName":36},3,"PHYLUM","Chordata","脊索动物门","Animalia > Chordata",{"id":39,"parentId":33,"rankCode":40,"scientificName":41,"chineseName":42,"pathText":43,"displayName":42},7,"CLASS","Actinopteri","辐鳍鱼纲","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri",{"id":45,"parentId":39,"rankCode":46,"scientificName":47,"chineseName":48,"pathText":49,"displayName":48},2724,"ORDER","Siluriformes","鲇形目","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes",{"id":51,"parentId":45,"rankCode":52,"scientificName":53,"chineseName":54,"pathText":55,"displayName":54},5598,"FAMILY","Mochokidae","倒立鲶科","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Mochokidae",{"id":57,"parentId":51,"rankCode":58,"scientificName":59,"chineseName":60,"pathText":61,"displayName":60},5693,"GENUS","Synodontis","歧须鮠属","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Mochokidae > Synodontis",{"id":63,"parentId":57,"rankCode":64,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":65,"displayName":6},5829,"SPECIES","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Mochokidae > Synodontis > Synodontis nigriventris",[31,36,42,48,54,60,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":68,"naturalHabitat":69,"waterLayer":70,"currentPreference":71,"substratePreference":72,"depthMinM":73,"depthMaxM":74,"phMin":75,"phMax":76,"ghMinD":77,"ghMaxD":78,"distributionRegionsJson":79,"habitatType":69,"temperatureMinC":80,"temperatureMaxC":81,"temperature":82},"分布于刚果（金）、刚果（布）、中非共和国、喀麦隆、美国、印度、南非。","淡水水体中与该物种生态类型相匹配的底质、植被或礁区","ALL","SLOW","细砂 \u002F 泥底，多沉木与落叶","0.30","1.50","6.00","7.20","2.00","12.00","[\"刚果（金）\", \"刚果（布）\", \"中非共和国\", \"喀麦隆\", \"美国\", \"印度\", \"南非\"]","22.00","27.00","22.00-27.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":84,"diet":85,"temperament":86,"socialBehavior":87,"swimmingLayer":88,"minimumTankL":89,"temperatureMinC":90,"temperatureMaxC":91,"phMin":75,"phMax":92,"ghMinD":93,"ghMaxD":94,"khMinD":95,"khMaxD":78,"minimumGroupSize":96,"feedingNotes":97,"compatibilityNotes":98,"careNotes":99},"MODERATE","OMNIVORE","PEACEFUL","GROUP","MIDDLE","80.00","24.00","28.00","7.50","5.00","18.00","4.00","4","优质颗粒或薄片为主，按食性搭配活冻饵或植物性食物。","性情温和，可与大多数温和的中大型社区鱼混养（如灯鱼、鼠鱼、短鲷），但会吞食能入口的小鱼小虾；避免与具攻击性或抢食过快的鱼混养。","保持稳定水质、充足溶氧与匹配体型的缸体；数值为候选范围，待按物种复验。",{"maxLengthCm":101,"averageLengthCm":102,"lifespanMinYears":102,"lifespanMaxYears":103,"bodyShape":104,"coloration":105,"distinguishingFeatures":106,"sexualDimorphism":107},"10.00","8.00","15.00","具鳍的流线型脊椎动物","体色、斑纹或叶色待根据物种专项图文复验","反游猫的属级分类已确认；种级鉴定需结合成体形态与原产地。","雌雄差异不明显，繁殖期雌鱼腹部较圆，雄鱼可能略小且生殖突较明显。",{"reproductionMode":109,"breedingDifficulty":110,"spawningType":111,"breedingSeason":112,"incubationDaysMin":112,"incubationDaysMax":112,"clutchSizeMin":112,"clutchSizeMax":112,"parentalCare":113,"breedingNotes":114},"EGG_LAYER","HARD","卵生或释放配子，具体类型待复验","","待复验","繁殖条件和幼体培育方法需根据物种专项资料复审。",{"plantNotes":112},{"setupNotes":117,"waterChangeNotes":118,"densityNotes":119,"acclimationNotes":120,"feedingSummary":121,"commonMistakes":122,"completeness":123,"status":124},"建议 80cm 以上缸体，使用细砂底床，布置沉木、岩石和密植水草以提供充足藏身处；照明宜昏暗，可加漂浮植物遮光；使用缓流过滤。","每周换水 25-30%，使用困过的水，缓慢注入；避免一次性大幅度换水。","至少 4 条群养，建议 6 条以上；80cm 缸可养 4-6 条，需保证底部活动空间和多个藏身处。","使用滴流法过水 30-60 分钟，逐渐混合缸水；入缸后关灯，减少应激。","每日 1-2 次，2 分钟内吃完为宜；沉底饲料为主，搭配冷冻活饵和蔬菜，注意荤素搭配。","① 单养或数量不足导致紧迫；② 缺乏藏身处，长期强光照射；③ 与过小的鱼混养，被吞食；④ 投喂过量高蛋白食物导致肥胖；⑤ 使用含铜药物或水质剧烈波动。","0","DRAFT",[126,141,160,178,196],{"id":127,"type":128,"title":129,"sortOrder":130,"payload":131},2210,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[132,135,138],{"phase":133,"content":134},"入缸前","布置好沉木、岩石和洞穴，营造昏暗环境；使用缓流过滤，将水温调至 24-28°C，pH 6.0-7.5，GH 5-20，确保水质稳定。",{"phase":136,"content":137},"入缸","使用滴流法过水 30-60 分钟；入缸后先关灯，它们会迅速寻找藏身处并可能倒挂，避免惊扰。",{"phase":139,"content":140},"稳定后","适应后开始活跃，尤其在黄昏和夜间正常游动和觅食；会表现出倒游行为，群体成员之间互动，但不会争斗。",{"id":142,"type":143,"title":144,"sortOrder":145,"payload":146},2211,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[147,149,151,153,156,158],{"item":148,"must":15},"群养数量≥4 条",{"item":150,"must":15},"准备充足藏身处（沉木、洞穴）",{"item":152,"must":15},"使用低流速过滤",{"item":154,"must":155},"使用细砂底床",false,{"item":157,"must":15},"搭配温和混养鱼",{"item":159,"must":155},"提供植物性食物",{"id":161,"type":162,"title":163,"sortOrder":164,"payload":165},2212,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[166,169,172,175],{"a":167,"q":168},"这是其天然行为，腹部深色与背部浅色形成反向隐蔽色，使它在水面或植物下方游动时不易被上方捕食者发现。","反游猫为什么总是倒着游？",{"a":170,"q":171},"不建议，它需要群体生活，单养会导致紧迫和抑郁，建议至少 4 条一起。","可以单养一条吗？",{"a":173,"q":174},"它性格温和，但作为机会主义杂食者，会捕食能吞下的小鱼小虾，因此不要与体型过小的鱼混养。","反游猫会吃小鱼吗？",{"a":176,"q":177},"24-28°C，pH 6.0-7.5，硬度 5-20 dGH；对水质变化敏感，需保持稳定。","饲养水温多少合适？",{"id":179,"type":180,"title":181,"sortOrder":182,"payload":183},2213,"DISEASE","常见病与防治",40,[184,188,192],{"name":185,"action":186,"trigger":187},"白点病","缓慢升温至 30°C 并配合专用药物治疗，避免含铜药物。","水温骤变或应激",{"name":189,"action":190,"trigger":191},"细菌性烂鳍","改善水质，隔离并使用广谱抗菌药（如黄粉），保持环境清洁。","水质恶化或打斗损伤",{"name":193,"action":194,"trigger":195},"体内寄生虫","使用专用驱虫药，确保饵料来源清洁，必要时停食。","活饵未检疫",{"id":197,"type":198,"title":199,"sortOrder":200,"payload":201},2214,"WARNING","混养禁忌",50,[202,206,210],{"text":203,"level":204,"reason":205},"不要与过小的鱼混养","CAUTION","会吞食体长小于口裂的小鱼小虾。",{"text":207,"level":208,"reason":209},"避免使用含铜药物","BAD","鲶鱼对铜离子敏感，易中毒致死。",{"text":211,"level":204,"reason":212},"不要长期强光照射","该鱼喜昏暗环境，强光会造成持续紧迫并影响正常行为。",[],{},100,[217,230,237],{"id":218,"mediaType":219,"usageType":220,"title":221,"caption":222,"remoteUrl":223,"localPath":224,"mimeType":225,"copyrightHolder":226,"licenseNote":227,"sortOrder":228,"sourceId":229},4356,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","反游猫（Synodontis nigriventris）","学名匹配开放授权图；来源记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F33814711","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F53146421\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2162\u002FAQGAP926F2E1AA592_f8663b3ed6.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","John P Friel","CC-BY",0,87,{"id":231,"mediaType":219,"usageType":232,"title":221,"caption":233,"remoteUrl":223,"localPath":234,"mimeType":225,"copyrightHolder":235,"licenseNote":236,"sortOrder":130,"sourceId":28},4357,"OTHER","来源：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F33814711","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2162\u002Freview_3774_f8663b3ed6.jpg","(c) John P Friel, some rights reserved (CC BY)","cc-by",{"id":238,"mediaType":219,"usageType":232,"title":221,"caption":239,"remoteUrl":240,"localPath":241,"mimeType":225,"copyrightHolder":242,"licenseNote":243,"sortOrder":145,"sourceId":28},4358,"来源：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F142353723","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F244035383\u002Flarge.jpeg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2162\u002Freview_3777_9cceca4fc3.jpg","(c) H L Ooi, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)","cc-by-nc",{},[246,269,288,309,329],{"id":247,"speciesCode":248,"canonicalNameZh":249,"scientificName":250,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":251,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":252,"thumbnailUrl":253,"temperatureRange":254,"phRange":255,"sizeRange":256,"careDifficulty":84,"plantPlacement":112,"diet":85,"temperament":257,"feedingNotes":258,"aliases":259,"minimumTankL":265,"ghRange":266,"khRange":112,"lifespanRange":112,"priceRange":112,"priceUnit":112,"dataCompleteness":267,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":112,"co2Requirement":112,"growthRate":112,"verificationTags":268,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":112,"verificationCount":228,"hasRefetchTag":155},2918,"AQSP002338","天使歧须鮠","Synodontis angelicus",10444,"原产于非洲刚果河流域的大型倒游鲶，野外最大体长约 55 cm，是观赏市场上体型最大的 Synodontis 之一。深色体表散布浅色斑点，饲养需 600 L 以上并提供大量沉木\u002F岩石遮蔽；会吞食能入口的小鱼，混养需严格筛选体型。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2833\u002FAQSP002338_eb2625f450.jpg","24.00-28.00 C","6.00-8.00","41.25-55.00 cm","SEMI_AGGRESSIVE","杂食偏底栖，需投喂沉底性饲料；以优质颗粒\u002F薄片为主，搭配冻红虫、丰年虾、螺肉及少量植物性饵料。关灯后投喂可提高摄食率。",[260,261,262,263,264],"天使倒吊鲶","天使倒游鲶","天使反游猫","天使鲶","珍珠倒游鲶","600.00","5.00-19.00",95,[],{"id":270,"speciesCode":271,"canonicalNameZh":272,"scientificName":273,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":274,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":275,"thumbnailUrl":276,"temperatureRange":277,"phRange":255,"sizeRange":278,"careDifficulty":84,"plantPlacement":112,"diet":85,"temperament":86,"feedingNotes":279,"aliases":280,"minimumTankL":285,"ghRange":286,"khRange":112,"lifespanRange":112,"priceRange":112,"priceUnit":112,"dataCompleteness":215,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":112,"co2Requirement":112,"growthRate":112,"verificationTags":287,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":112,"verificationCount":228,"hasRefetchTag":155},2919,"AQSP002339","华丽歧须鮠","Synodontis decorus",10445,"华丽歧须鮠（Synodontis decorus）是来自非洲刚果河流域的歧须鮠属鲶鱼，最大体长约31.8 cm，底栖偏中下层，适宜23-27℃、pH 6-8 的淡水环境，饲养难度中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2834\u002FAQSP002339_3d10646fe1.jpg","23.00-27.00 C","23.85-31.80 cm","以高质量沉底颗粒\u002F片状饲料为主，搭配冷冻红虫、丰年虾等动物性食物；夜间活动增加，可在关灯前投喂一次，注意不过量。",[20,281,282,283,284],"倒吊鼠","刚果倒吊鼠","珍珠倒吊鲶","金点倒吊鼠","300.00","4.00-25.00",[],{"id":289,"speciesCode":290,"canonicalNameZh":291,"scientificName":292,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":293,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":294,"thumbnailUrl":295,"temperatureRange":296,"phRange":297,"sizeRange":298,"careDifficulty":84,"plantPlacement":112,"diet":85,"temperament":86,"feedingNotes":299,"aliases":300,"minimumTankL":285,"ghRange":306,"khRange":112,"lifespanRange":307,"priceRange":112,"priceUnit":112,"dataCompleteness":215,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":112,"co2Requirement":112,"growthRate":112,"verificationTags":308,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":112,"verificationCount":228,"hasRefetchTag":155},2920,"AQSP002340","羽鳍歧须鮠","Synodontis eupterus",10446,"原产于西非与中非的尼日尔河、乍得湖等流域，体长可达30cm，尾鳍上下叶延长呈羽毛状，是辨识度极高的中型底栖鲶鱼。杂食偏肉，需要大缸和稳定水质，饲养难度中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2835\u002FAQSP002340_92ba25d61b.jpg","22.00-26.00 C","6.20-7.50","22.50-30.00 cm","每日1-2次下沉性饲料，搭配冷冻红虫、丰年虾、虾肉及少量植物性饵料；夜间活跃，可关灯后投喂一次。",[301,302,303,304,305],"羽毛鲶","羽鳍倒吊鲶","羽鳍鲶","翅鳍鲶","非洲羽毛鲶","2.00-18.00","10.00-15.00",[],{"id":310,"speciesCode":311,"canonicalNameZh":312,"scientificName":313,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":314,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":315,"thumbnailUrl":316,"temperatureRange":317,"phRange":318,"sizeRange":319,"careDifficulty":84,"plantPlacement":112,"diet":85,"temperament":86,"feedingNotes":320,"aliases":321,"minimumTankL":327,"ghRange":286,"khRange":112,"lifespanRange":112,"priceRange":112,"priceUnit":112,"dataCompleteness":215,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":112,"co2Requirement":112,"growthRate":112,"verificationTags":328,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":112,"verificationCount":228,"hasRefetchTag":155},2921,"AQSP002341","黄纹歧须鮠","Synodontis flavitaeniatus",10447,"黄纹歧须鮠是原产于刚果河与马拉维湖流域的中型倒游鲶，最大约19.5 cm，体色黄褐带深色不规则条纹。饲养难度中等，需150 cm以上大缸与多遮蔽环境，适宜水温23-28℃，可小群混养但不可与过小鱼同缸。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2836\u002FAQSP002341_ad3c90b350.jpg","23.00-28.00 C","6.50-8.00","14.60-19.50 cm","杂食性，优质沉底颗粒或薄片为主，搭配冷冻红虫、丰年虾及少量藻类片；夜间或昏暗时投喂一次，2-3分钟吃完。",[322,323,324,325,326],"黄纹倒吊鲶","黄纹倒游鲶","黄纹反游猫","黄纹羽毛鲶","黄纹铲子鲶","150.00",[],{"id":330,"speciesCode":331,"canonicalNameZh":332,"scientificName":333,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":334,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":335,"thumbnailUrl":336,"temperatureRange":337,"phRange":338,"sizeRange":339,"careDifficulty":84,"plantPlacement":112,"diet":85,"temperament":86,"feedingNotes":340,"aliases":341,"minimumTankL":285,"ghRange":348,"khRange":348,"lifespanRange":112,"priceRange":112,"priceUnit":112,"dataCompleteness":215,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":112,"co2Requirement":112,"growthRate":112,"verificationTags":349,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":112,"verificationCount":228,"hasRefetchTag":155},2922,"AQSP002342","多点歧须鮠","Synodontis multipunctatus",10448,"来自坦噶尼喀湖，以独特的托卵寄生（把卵混入口孵慈鲷口中）闻名，最大体长约27.5cm，饲养需高硬度碱性水质，是中大型底栖鲶鱼。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2837\u002FAQSP002342_25d13168f7.jpg","21.00-25.00 C","7.80-9.00","20.62-27.50 cm","杂食偏肉：下沉型饲料为主，搭配红虫、丰年虾、螺肉等；每周1-2次植物性薄片或藻片。成鱼夜间较活跃，可在关灯前少量投喂，每次5分钟内吃完。",[342,343,344,345,346,347],"坦湖斑点鲶","多斑歧须鮠","多点倒吊鲶","寄生鲶","布谷鸟鲶","杜鹃鲶","10.00-20.00",[],"zh-CN",[350],{"missingFields":123,"translatedFields":353,"locale":350,"totalFields":353,"status":354},"26","COMPLETE","2026-10-02 21:50:08"]