[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp001778-brotia-pagodula":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":25,"taxonomyPath":66,"taxonomyPathText":65,"habitat":67,"care":82,"morphology":92,"reproduction":98,"plant":104,"careGuide":105,"careSections":114,"compatibility":202,"price":203,"dataCompleteness":204,"mediaAssets":205,"media":226,"relatedSpecies":227,"locale":335,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":336,"translationCoverage":337,"updatedAt":340},2357,"AQSP001778","塔蜷螺","Brotia pagodula","SNAIL","FRESHWATER",20122,"ACCEPTED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",85,true,"原产东南亚（泰国、缅甸）山溪的塔形观赏螺，壳细长多棱，最大约5cm。需高溶氧与水流，主食藻类\u002F生物膜，不吃健康水草。对水质变化敏感，饲养难度中等偏上，适合有经验玩家。",[18,19,20,21,22,23,24],"塔螺","马来螺","宝塔螺","泰国宝塔螺","金宝塔螺","长塔螺","黄金塔螺",[26,32,38,44,50,56,62],{"id":27,"parentId":28,"rankCode":29,"scientificName":30,"chineseName":31,"pathText":30,"displayName":31},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":33,"parentId":27,"rankCode":34,"scientificName":35,"chineseName":36,"pathText":37,"displayName":36},5,"PHYLUM","Mollusca","软体动物门","Animalia > Mollusca",{"id":39,"parentId":33,"rankCode":40,"scientificName":41,"chineseName":42,"pathText":43,"displayName":42},9,"CLASS","Gastropoda","腹足纲","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda",{"id":45,"parentId":39,"rankCode":46,"scientificName":47,"chineseName":48,"pathText":49,"displayName":48},5544,"ORDER","Unresolved","分类待确认","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Unresolved",{"id":51,"parentId":45,"rankCode":52,"scientificName":53,"chineseName":54,"pathText":55,"displayName":54},5603,"FAMILY","Pachychilidae","厚壳螺科","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Unresolved > Pachychilidae",{"id":57,"parentId":51,"rankCode":58,"scientificName":59,"chineseName":60,"pathText":61,"displayName":60},5702,"GENUS","Brotia","蜷螺属","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Unresolved > Pachychilidae > Brotia",{"id":63,"parentId":57,"rankCode":64,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":65,"displayName":6},5860,"SPECIES","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Unresolved > Pachychilidae > Brotia > Brotia pagodula",[31,36,42,48,54,60,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":68,"naturalHabitat":69,"waterLayer":70,"currentPreference":71,"substratePreference":72,"depthMinM":73,"depthMaxM":73,"phMin":74,"phMax":75,"ghMinD":76,"ghMaxD":77,"distributionRegionsJson":78,"habitatType":69,"temperatureMinC":79,"temperatureMaxC":80,"temperature":81},"分布于泰国、缅甸、毛里求斯、菲律宾、柬埔寨、马来西亚。","淡水水体中与该物种生态类型相匹配的底质、植被或礁区","BOTTOM","MODERATE","岩石和砾石","","7.00","8.00","5.00","15.00","[\"泰国\", \"缅甸\", \"毛里求斯\", \"菲律宾\", \"柬埔寨\", \"马来西亚\"]","22.00","28.00","22.00-28.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":71,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"socialBehavior":85,"swimmingLayer":70,"minimumTankL":86,"temperatureMinC":79,"temperatureMaxC":80,"phMin":74,"phMax":75,"ghMinD":76,"ghMaxD":87,"khMinD":88,"khMaxD":75,"minimumGroupSize":73,"feedingNotes":89,"compatibilityNotes":90,"careNotes":91},"OMNIVORE","PEACEFUL","GROUP","40.00","18.00","4.00","提供生物膜、专用颗粒及植物性补饲，滤食或捕食种需单独复验。","避免与会捕食小型无脊椎的鱼类混养。","对铜药、氨氮与水质剧变敏感；水质参数待按物种复验。",{"maxLengthCm":76,"averageLengthCm":88,"lifespanMinYears":93,"lifespanMaxYears":76,"bodyShape":94,"coloration":95,"distinguishingFeatures":96,"sexualDimorphism":97},"2.00","软体部通常受单一螺旋贝壳保护","体色、斑纹或叶色待根据物种专项图文复验","塔蜷螺的属级分类已确认；种级鉴定需结合成体形态与原产地。","难以从外观区分，雌雄异体。",{"reproductionMode":99,"breedingDifficulty":100,"spawningType":101,"breedingSeason":73,"incubationDaysMin":73,"incubationDaysMax":73,"clutchSizeMin":73,"clutchSizeMax":73,"parentalCare":102,"breedingNotes":103},"EGG_LAYER","HARD","卵生或释放配子，具体类型待复验","待复验","繁殖条件和幼体培育方法需根据物种专项资料复审。",{"plantNotes":73},{"setupNotes":106,"waterChangeNotes":107,"densityNotes":108,"acclimationNotes":109,"feedingSummary":110,"commonMistakes":111,"completeness":112,"status":113},"建议 40L 以上，设置气泵和造流泵保证溶氧与水流，底床可用砾石或岩石，提供附生藻类区域。照明可促进藻类生长。","每周换水 20-30%，保持低氨氮；对水质波动敏感，换水需缓慢。","每 40L 可养 3-5 只，避免密度过高导致食物竞争和排泄负担。","过水需缓慢，至少 30-60 分钟，滴流法更佳；对温度和水质突变敏感。","以藻类为主，每日可投喂藻片或蔬菜，不足时补充螺旋藻粉。注意避免过量导致水质恶化。","① 饲养在静水、低氧环境；② 水质波动大（大量换水或未养水）；③ 与食螺鱼类混养；④ 不提供藻类食物来源导致饿死。","0","DRAFT",[115,130,149,167,185],{"id":116,"type":117,"title":118,"sortOrder":119,"payload":120},2365,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[121,124,127],{"phase":122,"content":123},"入缸前","缓慢过水，滴流法至少 1 小时，匹配原水参数。",{"phase":125,"content":126},"入缸初期","停食 1-2 天，观察是否爬壁、活动，保持水流和溶氧充足。",{"phase":128,"content":129},"稳定后","每周补充藻类，定期检测水质，避免过度清洁缸壁（保留藻类）。",{"id":131,"type":132,"title":133,"sortOrder":134,"payload":135},2366,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[136,138,140,142,144,147],{"item":137,"must":15},"水流和溶氧充足（气泵\u002F造流）",{"item":139,"must":15},"缸壁或岩石有藻类供食",{"item":141,"must":15},"水质稳定，氨氮为零",{"item":143,"must":15},"避免与食螺鱼混养",{"item":145,"must":146},"底床为砾石\u002F岩石，避免细沙堆积",false,{"item":148,"must":146},"提供钙质来源（如贝壳砂）以保持壳质",{"id":150,"type":151,"title":152,"sortOrder":153,"payload":154},2367,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[155,158,161,164],{"a":156,"q":157},"不吃健康水草，只刮食藻类和生物膜，可放心放入草缸。","塔蜷螺会吃水草吗？",{"a":159,"q":160},"需要，适宜水温 22-28℃，低于 20℃ 会活动减少甚至死亡。","需要加热棒吗？",{"a":162,"q":163},"可以，与小型观赏虾（如米虾）完全兼容。","可以和虾混养吗？",{"a":165,"q":166},"可能水质恶化或溶氧不足，检查氨氮和水流，螺对水质敏感。","为什么我的塔蜷螺不动了？",{"id":168,"type":169,"title":170,"sortOrder":171,"payload":172},2368,"DISEASE","常见病与防治",40,[173,177,181],{"name":174,"action":175,"trigger":176},"壳腐蚀\u002F白斑","提升硬度和 pH，添加钙质，换水。","水质过软或酸性，缺钙导致",{"name":178,"action":179,"trigger":180},"水霉\u002F细菌感染","隔离，使用温和杀菌药（如甲基蓝），保持水质清洁。","外伤或水质差引起",{"name":182,"action":183,"trigger":184},"温度休克","缓慢升温，避免温差过大。","温度骤变导致缩壳、死亡",{"id":186,"type":187,"title":188,"sortOrder":189,"payload":190},2369,"WARNING","混养禁忌",50,[191,195,198],{"text":192,"level":193,"reason":194},"禁与食螺鱼类混养（如河豚、大型慈鲷）","BAD","会被咬碎壳。",{"text":196,"level":193,"reason":197},"不能饲养在静水、低氧环境","会缺氧死亡。",{"text":199,"level":200,"reason":201},"注意铜类药物有毒","CAUTION","螺对铜敏感，避免使用含铜药物除藻或治病。",[],{},100,[206,217,222],{"id":207,"mediaType":208,"usageType":209,"title":210,"caption":211,"remoteUrl":212,"localPath":213,"mimeType":214,"copyrightHolder":215,"licenseNote":216,"sortOrder":119,"sourceId":28},4443,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","塔蜷螺（Brotia pagodula）","来源：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F229876458","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F408100313\u002Flarge.jpeg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2193\u002Freview_3830_f881d84f59.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","(c) animaluki, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)","cc-by-nc",{"id":218,"mediaType":208,"usageType":219,"title":210,"caption":211,"remoteUrl":220,"localPath":221,"mimeType":214,"copyrightHolder":215,"licenseNote":216,"sortOrder":134,"sourceId":28},4444,"OTHER","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F408100331\u002Flarge.jpeg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2193\u002Freview_3835_faa510c7cb.jpg",{"id":223,"mediaType":208,"usageType":219,"title":210,"caption":211,"remoteUrl":224,"localPath":225,"mimeType":214,"copyrightHolder":215,"licenseNote":216,"sortOrder":153,"sourceId":28},4445,"https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F408100344\u002Flarge.jpeg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2193\u002Freview_3838_479b1a0807.jpg",{},[228,251,272,295,315],{"id":229,"speciesCode":230,"canonicalNameZh":231,"scientificName":232,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":233,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":234,"thumbnailUrl":235,"temperatureRange":81,"phRange":236,"sizeRange":237,"careDifficulty":71,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":89,"aliases":238,"minimumTankL":245,"ghRange":246,"khRange":247,"lifespanRange":248,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":249,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":73,"verificationCount":250,"hasRefetchTag":146},2356,"AQSP001777","黑金刚螺","Faunus ater",20121,"原产于东南亚的大型淡水观赏螺，壳长可达5-7厘米，深黑褐色细长圆锥形。以藻类和有机碎屑为食，是高效除藻工具；性情温和，不伤水草，但繁殖需半咸水，淡水缸中无法自然繁殖，不会爆螺。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2192\u002FAQGAPDF89035E3154_10a89956ea.jpg","7.00-8.00","5.00-7.00 cm",[239,240,241,242,243,244],"黑蜷","黑金刚","黑军帽螺","黑将军螺","黑螺","黑角螺","30.00","8.00-18.00","4.00-10.00","2.00-3.00",[],0,{"id":252,"speciesCode":253,"canonicalNameZh":254,"scientificName":255,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":256,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":257,"thumbnailUrl":258,"temperatureRange":259,"phRange":260,"sizeRange":261,"careDifficulty":71,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":89,"aliases":262,"minimumTankL":269,"ghRange":246,"khRange":247,"lifespanRange":270,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":271,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":73,"verificationCount":250,"hasRefetchTag":146},2360,"AQSP001781","苏拉威西兔螺","Tylomelania towutensis",20125,"印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛托武蒂湖特有的大型淡水兔螺，壳长可达6cm以上，壳表具粗纵肋与疣状结节。必须用碱性硬水（pH 7.5-8.5、高GH）饲养，适宜26-30℃，杂食偏碎屑\u002F藻食，卵胎生产小螺，繁殖较慢；与多数汽水螺不同，是纯淡水特化种。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2196\u002Freview_3840_3b71ba64b4.jpg","26.00-30.00 C","7.50-8.50","5.00-8.00 cm",[263,264,265,266,267,268],"兔螺","托武蒂兔螺","疣兔螺","苏拉威西螺","苏螺","黑兔螺","45.00","3.00-5.00",[],{"id":273,"speciesCode":274,"canonicalNameZh":275,"scientificName":276,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":277,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":278,"thumbnailUrl":279,"temperatureRange":280,"phRange":281,"sizeRange":282,"careDifficulty":71,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":89,"aliases":283,"minimumTankL":290,"ghRange":291,"khRange":292,"lifespanRange":293,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":294,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":73,"verificationCount":250,"hasRefetchTag":146},2388,"AQSP001809","中国小扁螺","Gyraulus chinensis",30167,"原产中国及东亚的微型淡水螺，壳径仅4-8mm，扁平盘状、壳薄半透明，常被误认为幼体扁卷螺。以藻类和有机碎屑为食，在草缸中可作为清洁生物，但繁殖迅速，需控制食物残渣防爆缸。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2224\u002Freview_3894_d190eb0cee.jpg","18.00-26.00 C","6.80-8.00","0.60-0.80 cm",[284,285,286,287,288,289],"小扁螺","扁螺","扁卷螺","盘螺","草缸清洁螺","迷你扁卷螺","10.00","4.00-18.00","2.00-10.00","1.00-2.00",[],{"id":296,"speciesCode":297,"canonicalNameZh":298,"scientificName":299,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":300,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":301,"thumbnailUrl":302,"temperatureRange":303,"phRange":304,"sizeRange":305,"careDifficulty":71,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":306,"aliases":307,"minimumTankL":86,"ghRange":291,"khRange":313,"lifespanRange":293,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":314,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":73,"verificationCount":250,"hasRefetchTag":146},2646,"AQSP002066","静水椎实螺","Lymnaea stagnalis",10172,"静水椎实螺（Lymnaea stagnalis）是广布欧洲、北美等地的淡水肺螺，壳高可达 6 厘米，壳薄右旋，常见于静水池塘与缓流沟渠。它取食藻类、腐屑和柔软水草，会明显啃食水草，草缸需慎养；适应力强、易在缸中爆螺，对铜药和氨氮敏感。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2561\u002FAQSP002066_e2f95c98f0.jpg","15.00-24.00 C","6.50-8.00","5.00-6.00 cm","藻类\u002F生物膜为基础，搭配煮菠菜、西葫芦、专用螺粮；每日少量，避免饥饿时大量啃食水草，也防止残饵坏水。",[308,308,309,310,311,312],"大椎实螺","椎实螺","欧洲椎实螺","水蜗牛","草螺","3.00-12.00",[],{"id":316,"speciesCode":317,"canonicalNameZh":318,"scientificName":319,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":320,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":321,"thumbnailUrl":322,"temperatureRange":323,"phRange":236,"sizeRange":324,"careDifficulty":71,"plantPlacement":73,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":89,"aliases":325,"minimumTankL":332,"ghRange":246,"khRange":73,"lifespanRange":248,"priceRange":73,"priceUnit":73,"dataCompleteness":333,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":73,"co2Requirement":73,"growthRate":73,"verificationTags":334,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":73,"verificationCount":250,"hasRefetchTag":146},843,"AQSP000843","大扁卷螺","Planorbarius corneus",943,"欧洲原产的扁卷螺中最大者，壳径可达3.5 cm，扁平盘状左旋，红褐至角褐色；耐低温（5-24℃），喜食藻类与碎屑，适合冷水缸\u002F池塘，但可能啃食水草嫩芽，勿与球形苹果螺混淆。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F843\u002FAQSP000843_fb5677c9ec.jpg","10.00-24.00 C","3.00 cm",[326,327,328,329,330,331],"苹果螺","大扁螺","羊角螺","大羊角螺","月光螺","欧洲大扁卷螺","20.00",97,[],"zh-CN",[335],{"missingFields":112,"translatedFields":338,"locale":335,"totalFields":338,"status":339},"26","COMPLETE","2026-10-02 21:50:08"]