[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp001822-hydrocotyle-verticillata":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":23,"taxonomyPath":64,"taxonomyPathText":63,"habitat":65,"care":75,"morphology":88,"reproduction":94,"plant":100,"careGuide":110,"careSections":119,"compatibility":207,"price":208,"dataCompleteness":209,"mediaAssets":210,"media":224,"relatedSpecies":225,"locale":312,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":313,"translationCoverage":314,"updatedAt":318},2402,"AQSP001822","伞形天胡荽","Hydrocotyle verticillata","PLANT","FRESHWATER",10008,"ACCEPTED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",93,true,"伞形天胡荽（Hydrocotyle verticillata）原产美洲，已归化于澳大利亚、南非及中国台湾等地；株高仅3-10cm，是少有的保持匍匐生长形态的天胡荽属植物，适合前景。强光、软水弱酸性环境下生长最佳，可沉水或漂浮种植。",[18,19,20,21,22],"铜钱草","南美天胡荽","巴西天胡荽","水生天胡荽","轮生天胡荽",[24,30,36,42,48,54,60],{"id":25,"parentId":26,"rankCode":27,"scientificName":28,"chineseName":29,"pathText":28,"displayName":29},760,null,"KINGDOM","Plantae","植物界",{"id":31,"parentId":25,"rankCode":32,"scientificName":33,"chineseName":34,"pathText":35,"displayName":34},761,"PHYLUM","Tracheophyta","维管植物门","Plantae > Tracheophyta",{"id":37,"parentId":31,"rankCode":38,"scientificName":39,"chineseName":40,"pathText":41,"displayName":40},762,"CLASS","Magnoliopsida","木兰纲","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida",{"id":43,"parentId":37,"rankCode":44,"scientificName":45,"chineseName":46,"pathText":47,"displayName":46},3377,"ORDER","Apiales","伞形目","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Apiales",{"id":49,"parentId":43,"rankCode":50,"scientificName":51,"chineseName":52,"pathText":53,"displayName":52},3378,"FAMILY","Araliaceae","五加科","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Apiales > Araliaceae",{"id":55,"parentId":49,"rankCode":56,"scientificName":57,"chineseName":58,"pathText":59,"displayName":58},3379,"GENUS","Hydrocotyle","天胡荽属","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Apiales > Araliaceae > Hydrocotyle",{"id":61,"parentId":55,"rankCode":62,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":63,"displayName":6},6389,"SPECIES","Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Apiales > Araliaceae > Hydrocotyle > Hydrocotyle verticillata",[29,34,40,46,52,58,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":66,"naturalHabitat":67,"waterLayer":68,"currentPreference":69,"substratePreference":70,"depthMinM":71,"depthMaxM":71,"phMin":71,"phMax":71,"ghMinD":71,"ghMaxD":71,"distributionRegionsJson":72,"habitatType":73,"temperatureMinC":71,"temperatureMaxC":71,"temperature":74},"原产于美洲（美国南部、墨西哥、巴西等地），已归化于澳大利亚、南非、西班牙，以及中国台湾、澳门等地区。","自然水体或周期性湿地的浅水区与湿泥地，常匍匐生长于水底或岸边。","BOTTOM","SLOW","细颗粒底床或泥沙","","[\"美国\", \"台湾\", \"澳大利亚\", \"墨西哥\", \"巴西\", \"南非\", \"西班牙\", \"中国澳门特别行政区\"]","自然水体或周期性湿地中的水生植物生境","?-? C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":76,"diet":77,"temperament":78,"socialBehavior":79,"swimmingLayer":80,"minimumTankL":71,"temperatureMinC":81,"temperatureMaxC":82,"phMin":83,"phMax":84,"ghMinD":71,"ghMaxD":71,"khMinD":71,"khMaxD":71,"minimumGroupSize":71,"feedingNotes":85,"compatibilityNotes":86,"careNotes":87},"HARD","AUTOTROPH","UNKNOWN","NOT_APPLICABLE","ATTACHED","20.00","28.00","5.50","7.50","通过根系和叶片吸收肥料，建议使用含微量元素的液肥；强光下需配合碳源（CO₂或戊二醛）并定期补充氮磷钾。","对水草无攻击性，可与小型鱼虾混养；需注意草食性鱼类可能啃食叶片。","需要强光、软水弱酸性、充足CO₂和规律施肥才能保持紧凑株形；可漂浮但长期漂浮会徒长。",{"maxLengthCm":89,"averageLengthCm":90,"lifespanMinYears":71,"lifespanMaxYears":71,"bodyShape":91,"coloration":92,"distinguishingFeatures":93,"sexualDimorphism":71},"10.00","6.00","多年生匍匐草本，茎细长横走，节上生根；叶柄长，叶片近圆形或肾形，直径约1-3cm，边缘浅裂或具钝锯齿。","叶片绿色，新叶略淡，光照充足时叶色翠绿；匍匐茎淡绿色。","与多数天胡荽属植物不同，本种保持匍匐生长形态，株高仅3-10cm，适合前景；叶片轮生（学名种加词 verticillata 即轮生之意）。",{"reproductionMode":95,"breedingDifficulty":96,"spawningType":97,"breedingSeason":71,"incubationDaysMin":71,"incubationDaysMax":71,"clutchSizeMin":71,"clutchSizeMax":71,"parentalCare":98,"breedingNotes":99},"VEGETATIVE","MODERATE","匍匐茎延伸或侧枝扦插","待复验","主要通过匍匐茎自然蔓延，剪取带1-2节的顶芽或侧枝插入底床即可生根；强光、软水、充足CO₂下生根较快。也可在湿泥上挺水生长并开花结籽，但水族中少用。",{"growthForm":101,"placement":102,"growthRate":103,"lightRequirement":104,"co2Requirement":105,"heightMinCm":106,"heightMaxCm":89,"substrateRequirement":107,"nutrientDemand":103,"propagationMethod":108,"plantNotes":109},"STEM","FOREGROUND","MEDIUM","HIGH","OPTIONAL","3.00","细颗粒底床或水体液肥","顶芽或侧枝扦插","Tropica 资料显示原产南美洲，生长速度中等，需高光照，CO₂需求中等；在其他天胡荽属植物中独特的匍匐形态使其成为优良前景草。",{"setupNotes":111,"waterChangeNotes":112,"densityNotes":113,"acclimationNotes":114,"feedingSummary":115,"commonMistakes":116,"completeness":117,"status":118},"适宜弱酸性软水缸，底床用细颗粒泥沙或水草泥；需强光（0.5W\u002FL以上）并添加CO₂，否则茎节拉长、叶片稀疏。","每周换水1\u002F4-1\u002F3，保持水质稳定；避免pH和硬度剧烈波动。","作为前景草成丛种植，株距2-3cm；密植可促进匍匐蔓延形成草皮。","新株入缸前先漂洗，剪去受损根叶；转水期保持光照充足并添加液肥。","液肥每周添加2-3次，配合根肥；强光下需额外补充碳源和微量元素。","① 光照不足或未添加CO₂，导致植株徒长；② 将本种误当背景草种植，因株高矮小会被遮挡；③ 长期漂浮种植导致形态松散；④ 与啃食水草的鱼混养。","100","REVIEW_PENDING",[120,135,154,172,190],{"id":121,"type":122,"title":123,"sortOrder":124,"payload":125},8775,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[126,129,132],{"phase":127,"content":128},"入缸前","准备细颗粒底床，调节水质至弱酸性软水（pH 5.5-7.0），安装高光照灯具并备好CO₂设备。",{"phase":130,"content":131},"入缸","将植株分株后按2-3cm株距种入前景，避免深埋匍匐茎；初期保持中等光照，逐步提升至强光。",{"phase":133,"content":134},"稳定后","在强光、CO₂和规律液肥下，匍匐茎快速蔓延；定期修剪过长枝条，防止遮光或漂起。",{"id":136,"type":137,"title":138,"sortOrder":139,"payload":140},8776,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[141,143,145,147,149,152],{"item":142,"must":15},"光照强度≥0.5W\u002FL",{"item":144,"must":15},"水质为弱酸性软水（pH 5.5-7.5）",{"item":146,"must":15},"添加CO₂或碳源",{"item":148,"must":15},"细颗粒底床（水草泥或细砂）",{"item":150,"must":151},"定期修剪匍匐茎",false,{"item":153,"must":151},"避免与草食性鱼类混养",{"id":155,"type":156,"title":157,"sortOrder":158,"payload":159},8777,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[160,163,166,169],{"a":161,"q":162},"不是绝对必须，但不添加CO₂时生长缓慢、茎节拉长，难以保持紧凑的前景形态。强光下强烈建议添加。","必须添加CO₂吗？",{"a":164,"q":165},"可以漂浮，但长期漂浮会导致叶片变小、茎细弱，失去前景草价值。建议种植于底床。","可以漂浮种植吗？",{"a":167,"q":168},"多为缺氮或缺铁。新叶发白多为缺铁，老叶发黄多为缺氮，需调整液肥配方并检查CO₂供应。","叶片发黄是什么原因？",{"a":170,"q":171},"可以，在湿泥或浅水中能挺水生长，甚至可作为室内植物。但水族箱中转为沉水后需适应期。","能挺水种植吗？",{"id":173,"type":174,"title":175,"sortOrder":176,"payload":177},8778,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[178,182,186],{"name":179,"action":180,"trigger":181},"缺铁性黄化","添加含螯合铁的微量元素液肥，降低pH至弱酸性。","铁元素缺乏或pH过高导致铁无法吸收",{"name":183,"action":184,"trigger":185},"溶叶","稳定水质，补充CO₂，控制水温在20-28℃，剪去溶叶部分。","水质剧烈波动、缺碳或高温",{"name":187,"action":188,"trigger":189},"绿斑藻附着","调整光照时长，增加磷酸盐或使用除藻生物（如小精灵、黑壳虾）。","光照过强且磷酸盐不足",{"id":191,"type":192,"title":193,"sortOrder":194,"payload":195},8779,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[196,200,203],{"text":197,"level":198,"reason":199},"忌碱性硬水","CAUTION","碱性硬水中叶片易黄化、生长停滞，甚至腐烂。",{"text":201,"level":198,"reason":202},"长期缺碳会导致溶叶","高光照下不补碳，植株会分解自身组织，出现叶片穿孔、溶解。",{"text":204,"level":205,"reason":206},"某些鱼类会啃食叶片","BAD","如金鱼、大型慈鲷等会将其作为食物，导致植株残缺甚至死亡。",[],{},100,[211],{"id":212,"mediaType":213,"usageType":214,"title":215,"caption":216,"remoteUrl":217,"localPath":218,"mimeType":219,"copyrightHolder":220,"licenseNote":221,"sortOrder":222,"sourceId":223},6916,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","伞形天胡荽（Hydrocotyle verticillata）","学名匹配开放授权图；来源记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F64050809","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F102906871\u002Flarge.jpeg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2317\u002FAQSP001822_be23239b04.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","Alison Northup","CC-BY",0,95,{},[226,244,261,277,293],{"id":227,"speciesCode":228,"canonicalNameZh":229,"scientificName":230,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":231,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":232,"thumbnailUrl":233,"temperatureRange":234,"phRange":235,"sizeRange":71,"careDifficulty":96,"plantPlacement":236,"diet":77,"temperament":78,"feedingNotes":237,"aliases":238,"minimumTankL":89,"ghRange":240,"khRange":241,"lifespanRange":71,"priceRange":71,"priceUnit":71,"dataCompleteness":209,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":103,"co2Requirement":105,"growthRate":242,"verificationTags":243,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":71,"verificationCount":222,"hasRefetchTag":151},1372,"AQSP001207","天胡荽","Hydrocotyle leucocephala",456,"天胡荽（Hydrocotyle leucocephala）是水族造景中常见的淡水水草，常用于中景。圆叶藤蔓型水草，适合自然风格和开缸吸肥。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1372\u002F1280px-Hydrocotyle_leucocephala_B.jpg","20.00-28.00 C","6.00-7.50","MIDGROUND","水草通过光合作用生长，不需要投喂；保持稳定光照、基础肥力和水流即可。",[239],"Brazilian pennywort","2.00-20.00","2.00-15.00","FAST",[],{"id":245,"speciesCode":246,"canonicalNameZh":247,"scientificName":248,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":249,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":250,"thumbnailUrl":251,"temperatureRange":234,"phRange":252,"sizeRange":253,"careDifficulty":254,"plantPlacement":102,"diet":255,"temperament":78,"feedingNotes":237,"aliases":256,"minimumTankL":89,"ghRange":71,"khRange":71,"lifespanRange":71,"priceRange":258,"priceUnit":259,"dataCompleteness":209,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":103,"co2Requirement":105,"growthRate":103,"verificationTags":260,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":71,"verificationCount":222,"hasRefetchTag":151},1319,"AQSP001154","日本天胡荽","Hydrocotyle tripartita",56,"日本天胡荽（Hydrocotyle tripartita）是水族造景中常见的淡水水草，常用于前景。三裂小圆叶，爬行速度快，适合自然风格前景和硬景缝隙。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1319\u002FHydrocotyle_tripartita.jpg","5.50-7.50","5.00 cm","EASY","OMNIVORE",[257,229],"Hydrocotyle tripartita Japan","5.10-18.00","株",[],{"id":262,"speciesCode":263,"canonicalNameZh":264,"scientificName":265,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":266,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":267,"thumbnailUrl":268,"temperatureRange":269,"phRange":235,"sizeRange":270,"careDifficulty":96,"plantPlacement":102,"diet":77,"temperament":78,"feedingNotes":237,"aliases":271,"minimumTankL":89,"ghRange":273,"khRange":274,"lifespanRange":71,"priceRange":71,"priceUnit":71,"dataCompleteness":209,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":275,"co2Requirement":105,"growthRate":69,"verificationTags":276,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":71,"verificationCount":222,"hasRefetchTag":151},1370,"AQSP001205","巴西草皮","Lilaeopsis brasiliensis",455,"巴西草皮（Lilaeopsis brasiliensis）是水族造景中常见的淡水水草，常用于前景。细叶草坪植物，成景较慢但层次自然。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1370\u002Flarge.jpg","4.00-28.00 C","3.00-5.00 cm",[272],"Brazilian micro sword","4.00-20.00","2.00-14.00","LOW",[],{"id":278,"speciesCode":279,"canonicalNameZh":280,"scientificName":281,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":282,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":283,"thumbnailUrl":284,"temperatureRange":234,"phRange":252,"sizeRange":285,"careDifficulty":254,"plantPlacement":102,"diet":77,"temperament":78,"feedingNotes":286,"aliases":287,"minimumTankL":71,"ghRange":71,"khRange":71,"lifespanRange":71,"priceRange":71,"priceUnit":71,"dataCompleteness":209,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":103,"co2Requirement":105,"growthRate":103,"verificationTags":292,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":71,"verificationCount":222,"hasRefetchTag":151},2970,"AQSP002390","毛里求斯","Lilaeopsis mauritiana",10496,"原产毛里求斯、马达加斯加等地的淡水水草，也见于新西兰与美国；具匍匐茎，叶片线形，形成低矮草皮，常作前景草。生长速度中等，需中等光照和细颗粒底床，CO2 可选，适合草缸和水陆缸。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2885\u002FAQSP002390_20cd682a19.jpg","5.00-15.00 cm","通过根系和叶片吸收养分，定期补充含氮、磷、钾及微量元素的液肥；缺肥时老叶发黄、新叶变小。",[288,289,290,291],"毛里求斯前景草","毛里求斯水草","毛里求斯草皮","迷你毛里求斯",[],{"id":294,"speciesCode":295,"canonicalNameZh":296,"scientificName":297,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":298,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":299,"thumbnailUrl":300,"temperatureRange":234,"phRange":252,"sizeRange":301,"careDifficulty":254,"plantPlacement":302,"diet":77,"temperament":78,"feedingNotes":303,"aliases":304,"minimumTankL":71,"ghRange":71,"khRange":71,"lifespanRange":71,"priceRange":71,"priceUnit":71,"dataCompleteness":209,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":103,"co2Requirement":105,"growthRate":103,"verificationTags":311,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":71,"verificationCount":222,"hasRefetchTag":151},2950,"AQSP002370","小叶纽约","Alternanthera bettzickiana",10476,"小叶纽约（Alternanthera bettzickiana）是苋科莲子草属的有茎水草，原产南美洲，现广泛归化于热带及亚热带地区。株高15–60厘米，叶对生，叶色因光照从紫红到红绿相间。中等光照即可生长，CO2可选，适合中后景布置，是入门级红色系水草。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2865\u002FAQSP002370_b4138a53c4.jpg","15.00-60.00 cm","BACKGROUND","通过根系和叶片吸收营养，定期补充全效液肥与铁肥；缺铁时新叶发黄，需额外补充螯合铁。",[305,306,307,308,309,310],"五色草","彩叶苋","紫叶苋","红苋草","红龙草","锦绣苋",[],"zh-CN",[312],{"missingFields":315,"translatedFields":316,"locale":312,"totalFields":316,"status":317},"0","19","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]