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22-25℃，性情温和，可小群饲养；繁殖困难，通常需模拟湖底洞穴条件。",[18,19,20,21,22,23],"小花鼠","佩氏倒吊鲶","佩氏倒游鲶","坦湖倒游鲶","斑点倒游鲶","珍珠倒游鲶",[25,31,37,43,49,55,61],{"id":26,"parentId":27,"rankCode":28,"scientificName":29,"chineseName":30,"pathText":29,"displayName":30},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":32,"parentId":26,"rankCode":33,"scientificName":34,"chineseName":35,"pathText":36,"displayName":35},3,"PHYLUM","Chordata","脊索动物门","Animalia > Chordata",{"id":38,"parentId":32,"rankCode":39,"scientificName":40,"chineseName":41,"pathText":42,"displayName":41},7,"CLASS","Actinopteri","辐鳍鱼纲","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri",{"id":44,"parentId":38,"rankCode":45,"scientificName":46,"chineseName":47,"pathText":48,"displayName":47},2724,"ORDER","Siluriformes","鲇形目","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes",{"id":50,"parentId":44,"rankCode":51,"scientificName":52,"chineseName":53,"pathText":54,"displayName":53},5598,"FAMILY","Mochokidae","倒立鲶科","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Mochokidae",{"id":56,"parentId":50,"rankCode":57,"scientificName":58,"chineseName":59,"pathText":60,"displayName":59},5693,"GENUS","Synodontis","歧须鮠属","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Mochokidae > Synodontis",{"id":62,"parentId":56,"rankCode":63,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":64,"displayName":6},6439,"SPECIES","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Mochokidae > Synodontis > Synodontis petricola",[30,35,41,47,53,59,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":67,"naturalHabitat":68,"waterLayer":69,"currentPreference":70,"substratePreference":71,"depthMinM":72,"depthMaxM":72,"phMin":73,"phMax":74,"ghMinD":75,"ghMaxD":76,"distributionRegionsJson":77,"habitatType":78,"temperatureMinC":79,"temperatureMaxC":80,"temperature":81},"原产于非洲坦噶尼喀湖及其支流，分布于赞比亚、坦桑尼亚、刚果民主共和国、布隆迪。","栖息于坦噶尼喀湖岩石湖岸与沙质湖底，常见于岩石缝隙和洞穴附近，水质呈高硬度碱性。","BOTTOM","UNKNOWN","岩石与沙砾","","8.00","9.00","2.00","18.00","[\"赞比亚\", \"坦桑尼亚\", \"刚果（金）\", \"布隆迪\", \"未知地区\"]","淡水湖泊岩石湖岸 \u002F 沙质湖底 \u002F 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cm），斑点更细密，尾鳍边缘常呈白色；分布限于坦噶尼喀湖。",{"reproductionMode":102,"breedingDifficulty":103,"spawningType":104,"breedingSeason":72,"incubationDaysMin":72,"incubationDaysMax":72,"clutchSizeMin":72,"clutchSizeMax":72,"parentalCare":105,"breedingNotes":106},"EGG_LAYER","HARD","散卵型 \u002F 可能巢寄生","待复验","繁殖困难，水族箱内成功案例稀少。需保持高 pH 高硬度水质，提供岩石缝隙或洞穴。部分资料认为其可能将卵混入慈鲷口孵，但与多点歧须鲶的巢寄生行为尚存争议。",{"plantNotes":72},{"setupNotes":109,"waterChangeNotes":110,"densityNotes":111,"acclimationNotes":112,"feedingSummary":113,"commonMistakes":114,"completeness":115,"status":116},"80L 以上缸体，设置岩石堆叠和洞穴，底砂使用细沙或小砾石。偏好稳定高 pH 与高硬度，需定期监测水质。","每周换水 20-30%，使用除氯水，避免 pH 剧烈波动。","建议至少 4 条小群，80L 可养 4-6 条，提供充足躲藏空间。","过水需缓慢，因对 pH 变化敏感，建议滴流过水 30-60 分钟。","每日 1-2 次，以沉降性饲料为主，夜间补喂一次。杂食性，搭配冷冻丰年虾、红虫和螺旋藻片。","① 水质过软或 pH 过低导致不适；② 单养导致紧迫；③ 投喂浮性饲料过多，底部鱼吃不到；④ 与极小型鱼混养，存在被吞食风险。","100","REVIEW_PENDING",[118,133,152,170,186],{"id":119,"type":120,"title":121,"sortOrder":122,"payload":123},9025,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[124,127,130],{"phase":125,"content":126},"入缸前","准备 80L 以上缸体，铺设细沙、放置岩石洞穴，调节 pH 至 8.0-9.0、硬度适中，水温 22-25℃。",{"phase":128,"content":129},"入缸","缓慢滴流过水 30-60 分钟，避免 pH 冲击；入缸后关灯减少惊扰。",{"phase":131,"content":132},"稳定后","保持水质稳定，每周换水 1\u002F4，观察进食与活跃度；夜间投喂沉底饲料。",{"id":134,"type":135,"title":136,"sortOrder":137,"payload":138},9026,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[139,141,143,145,147,149],{"item":140,"must":15},"缸体 ≥80L，岩石洞穴充足",{"item":142,"must":15},"pH 8.0-9.0、GH 2-18 dH",{"item":144,"must":15},"水温 22-25℃ 稳定",{"item":146,"must":15},"至少 4 条小群饲养",{"item":148,"must":15},"提供下沉性饲料与夜间投喂",{"item":150,"must":151},"避免与极小型鱼混养",false,{"id":153,"type":154,"title":155,"sortOrder":156,"payload":157},9027,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[158,161,164,167],{"a":159,"q":160},"不建议。虽然性情温和，但嘴部可吞食极小鱼，且水质需求偏硬碱，与多数灯鱼所需软水不同。","佩氏歧须鲶可以和小型灯鱼混养吗？",{"a":162,"q":163},"需要，建议保持在 22-25℃，低于 20℃ 会不适。","需要加热吗？",{"a":165,"q":166},"通常不主动啃食健康水草，但可能会翻动底砂，建议选择耐折腾的植物或绑缚在岩石上。","会啃水草吗？",{"a":168,"q":169},"佩氏成体较小（约10 cm），斑点更细密，尾鳍边缘常呈白色；多点歧须鲶可长至15 cm以上，斑点较大。","如何区分佩氏歧须鲶和多点歧须鲶？",{"id":171,"type":172,"title":173,"sortOrder":174,"payload":175},9028,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[176,180,183],{"name":177,"action":178,"trigger":179},"白点病","隔离异常个体，检测氨氮、亚硝酸盐、水温与溶氧并改善水质；需用药时先明确病因，再严格按水族专用产品说明操作。","水温骤变或引入带虫鱼只",{"name":181,"action":178,"trigger":182},"烂鳍病","水质恶化或打斗损伤",{"name":184,"action":178,"trigger":185},"腹水","喂食过量或水质不良",{"id":187,"type":188,"title":189,"sortOrder":190,"payload":191},9029,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[192,196,200],{"text":193,"level":194,"reason":195},"不宜与极小型鱼混养","CAUTION","虽温和但可能捕食小于2cm的鱼",{"text":197,"level":198,"reason":199},"必须保持高 pH 与高硬度","BAD","水质过软过酸会导致应激和疾病",{"text":201,"level":194,"reason":202},"避免与凶猛的坦湖慈鲷混养","可能被攻击或压制",[],{},100,[207],{"id":208,"mediaType":209,"usageType":210,"title":211,"caption":212,"remoteUrl":213,"localPath":214,"mimeType":215,"copyrightHolder":216,"licenseNote":217,"sortOrder":218,"sourceId":219},6965,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","佩氏歧须鲶（Synodontis petricola）","学名匹配开放授权图；来源记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gbif.org\u002Foccurrence\u002F4034578468","https:\u002F\u002Fspecify.saiab.ac.za\u002Ffileget?coll=Biodiversity+Occurrences&type=O&filename=sp65621561719816011352.att.JPG","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2367\u002FAQSP001872_babee15f08.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","R. Bills; Russell Chalmers; Nicolas Riddin","http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002Flegalcode",0,96,{},[222,244,264,285,305],{"id":223,"speciesCode":224,"canonicalNameZh":225,"scientificName":226,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":227,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":228,"thumbnailUrl":229,"temperatureRange":230,"phRange":231,"sizeRange":232,"careDifficulty":83,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":84,"temperament":233,"feedingNotes":234,"aliases":235,"minimumTankL":240,"ghRange":241,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":72,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":242,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":243,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":218,"hasRefetchTag":151},2918,"AQSP002338","天使歧须鮠","Synodontis angelicus",10444,"原产于非洲刚果河流域的大型倒游鲶，野外最大体长约 55 cm，是观赏市场上体型最大的 Synodontis 之一。深色体表散布浅色斑点，饲养需 600 L 以上并提供大量沉木\u002F岩石遮蔽；会吞食能入口的小鱼，混养需严格筛选体型。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2833\u002FAQSP002338_eb2625f450.jpg","24.00-28.00 C","6.00-8.00","41.25-55.00 cm","SEMI_AGGRESSIVE","杂食偏底栖，需投喂沉底性饲料；以优质颗粒\u002F薄片为主，搭配冻红虫、丰年虾、螺肉及少量植物性饵料。关灯后投喂可提高摄食率。",[236,237,238,239,23],"天使倒吊鲶","天使倒游鲶","天使反游猫","天使鲶","600.00","5.00-19.00",95,[],{"id":245,"speciesCode":246,"canonicalNameZh":247,"scientificName":248,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":249,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":250,"thumbnailUrl":251,"temperatureRange":252,"phRange":231,"sizeRange":253,"careDifficulty":83,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":84,"temperament":85,"feedingNotes":254,"aliases":255,"minimumTankL":261,"ghRange":262,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":72,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":205,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":263,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":218,"hasRefetchTag":151},2919,"AQSP002339","华丽歧须鮠","Synodontis decorus",10445,"华丽歧须鮠（Synodontis decorus）是来自非洲刚果河流域的歧须鮠属鲶鱼，最大体长约31.8 cm，底栖偏中下层，适宜23-27℃、pH 6-8 的淡水环境，饲养难度中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2834\u002FAQSP002339_3d10646fe1.jpg","23.00-27.00 C","23.85-31.80 cm","以高质量沉底颗粒\u002F片状饲料为主，搭配冷冻红虫、丰年虾等动物性食物；夜间活动增加，可在关灯前投喂一次，注意不过量。",[256,257,258,259,260],"倒吊鲶","倒吊鼠","刚果倒吊鼠","珍珠倒吊鲶","金点倒吊鼠","300.00","4.00-25.00",[],{"id":265,"speciesCode":266,"canonicalNameZh":267,"scientificName":268,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":269,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":270,"thumbnailUrl":271,"temperatureRange":272,"phRange":273,"sizeRange":274,"careDifficulty":83,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":84,"temperament":85,"feedingNotes":275,"aliases":276,"minimumTankL":261,"ghRange":282,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":283,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":205,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":284,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":218,"hasRefetchTag":151},2920,"AQSP002340","羽鳍歧须鮠","Synodontis eupterus",10446,"原产于西非与中非的尼日尔河、乍得湖等流域，体长可达30cm，尾鳍上下叶延长呈羽毛状，是辨识度极高的中型底栖鲶鱼。杂食偏肉，需要大缸和稳定水质，饲养难度中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2835\u002FAQSP002340_92ba25d61b.jpg","22.00-26.00 C","6.20-7.50","22.50-30.00 cm","每日1-2次下沉性饲料，搭配冷冻红虫、丰年虾、虾肉及少量植物性饵料；夜间活跃，可关灯后投喂一次。",[277,278,279,280,281],"羽毛鲶","羽鳍倒吊鲶","羽鳍鲶","翅鳍鲶","非洲羽毛鲶","2.00-18.00","10.00-15.00",[],{"id":286,"speciesCode":287,"canonicalNameZh":288,"scientificName":289,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":290,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":291,"thumbnailUrl":292,"temperatureRange":293,"phRange":294,"sizeRange":295,"careDifficulty":83,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":84,"temperament":85,"feedingNotes":296,"aliases":297,"minimumTankL":303,"ghRange":262,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":72,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":205,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":304,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":218,"hasRefetchTag":151},2921,"AQSP002341","黄纹歧须鮠","Synodontis flavitaeniatus",10447,"黄纹歧须鮠是原产于刚果河与马拉维湖流域的中型倒游鲶，最大约19.5 cm，体色黄褐带深色不规则条纹。饲养难度中等，需150 cm以上大缸与多遮蔽环境，适宜水温23-28℃，可小群混养但不可与过小鱼同缸。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2836\u002FAQSP002341_ad3c90b350.jpg","23.00-28.00 C","6.50-8.00","14.60-19.50 cm","杂食性，优质沉底颗粒或薄片为主，搭配冷冻红虫、丰年虾及少量藻类片；夜间或昏暗时投喂一次，2-3分钟吃完。",[298,299,300,301,302],"黄纹倒吊鲶","黄纹倒游鲶","黄纹反游猫","黄纹羽毛鲶","黄纹铲子鲶","150.00",[],{"id":306,"speciesCode":307,"canonicalNameZh":308,"scientificName":309,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":310,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":311,"thumbnailUrl":312,"temperatureRange":313,"phRange":314,"sizeRange":315,"careDifficulty":83,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":84,"temperament":85,"feedingNotes":316,"aliases":317,"minimumTankL":261,"ghRange":324,"khRange":324,"lifespanRange":72,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":205,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":325,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":218,"hasRefetchTag":151},2922,"AQSP002342","多点歧须鮠","Synodontis multipunctatus",10448,"来自坦噶尼喀湖，以独特的托卵寄生（把卵混入口孵慈鲷口中）闻名，最大体长约27.5cm，饲养需高硬度碱性水质，是中大型底栖鲶鱼。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2837\u002FAQSP002342_25d13168f7.jpg","21.00-25.00 C","7.80-9.00","20.62-27.50 cm","杂食偏肉：下沉型饲料为主，搭配红虫、丰年虾、螺肉等；每周1-2次植物性薄片或藻片。成鱼夜间较活跃，可在关灯前少量投喂，每次5分钟内吃完。",[318,319,320,321,322,323],"坦湖斑点鲶","多斑歧须鮠","多点倒吊鲶","寄生鲶","布谷鸟鲶","杜鹃鲶","10.00-20.00",[],"zh-CN",[326],{"missingFields":329,"translatedFields":330,"locale":326,"totalFields":330,"status":331},"0","18","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]