[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp001889-polypterus-endlicherii":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":24,"taxonomyPath":65,"taxonomyPathText":64,"habitat":66,"care":78,"morphology":93,"reproduction":100,"plant":106,"careGuide":107,"careSections":116,"compatibility":202,"price":203,"dataCompleteness":204,"mediaAssets":205,"media":219,"relatedSpecies":220,"locale":324,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":325,"translationCoverage":326,"updatedAt":330},2469,"AQSP001889","恩氏多鳍鱼","Polypterus endlicherii","FISH","FRESHWATER",20075,"ACCEPTED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",93,true,"原产于非洲中西部的大型多鳍鱼，最大体长约65.5cm，常见约49cm；体灰褐至橄榄绿，具不规则深色斑纹。夜行性底栖掠食者，需600L以上加盖缸，饲养难度中等，会吞食小型鱼，与虎纹多鳍鱼近似但体型更大、斑纹更粗。",[18,19,20,21,22,23],"大花恐龙","安氏多鳍鱼","巨型多鳍鱼","恩氏恐龙鱼","斑节恐龙鱼","虎纹恐龙鱼",[25,31,37,43,49,55,61],{"id":26,"parentId":27,"rankCode":28,"scientificName":29,"chineseName":30,"pathText":29,"displayName":30},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":32,"parentId":26,"rankCode":33,"scientificName":34,"chineseName":35,"pathText":36,"displayName":35},3,"PHYLUM","Chordata","脊索动物门","Animalia > Chordata",{"id":38,"parentId":32,"rankCode":39,"scientificName":40,"chineseName":41,"pathText":42,"displayName":41},7,"CLASS","Actinopteri","辐鳍鱼纲","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri",{"id":44,"parentId":38,"rankCode":45,"scientificName":46,"chineseName":47,"pathText":48,"displayName":47},3274,"ORDER","Polypteriformes","波莱普特里福尔梅斯目","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Polypteriformes",{"id":50,"parentId":44,"rankCode":51,"scientificName":52,"chineseName":53,"pathText":54,"displayName":53},3275,"FAMILY","Polypteridae","波莱普特里达埃科","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Polypteriformes > Polypteridae",{"id":56,"parentId":50,"rankCode":57,"scientificName":58,"chineseName":59,"pathText":60,"displayName":59},3794,"GENUS","Polypterus","多鳍鱼属","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Polypteriformes > Polypteridae > Polypterus",{"id":62,"parentId":56,"rankCode":63,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":64,"displayName":6},6456,"SPECIES","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Polypteriformes > Polypteridae > Polypterus > Polypterus endlicherii",[30,35,41,47,53,59,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":67,"naturalHabitat":68,"waterLayer":69,"currentPreference":70,"substratePreference":71,"depthMinM":72,"depthMaxM":72,"phMin":72,"phMax":72,"ghMinD":72,"ghMaxD":72,"distributionRegionsJson":73,"habitatType":74,"temperatureMinC":75,"temperatureMaxC":76,"temperature":77},"原产于非洲中西部，广泛分布于贝宁、科特迪瓦、加纳、苏丹、布基纳法索、中非共和国、尼日利亚等国的河流、湖泊及泛滥平原。","栖息于大型河流、支流、湖泊及季节性泛滥平原的底层，偏好有沉木、落叶、植被遮蔽的泥砂底质，水流缓慢或静水。","BOTTOM","SLOW","泥砂、落叶、沉木","","[\"贝宁\", \"科特迪瓦\", \"加纳\", \"苏丹\", \"布基纳法索\", \"中非共和国\", \"尼日利亚\", \"澳大利亚\"]","河流 \u002F 湖泊 \u002F 泛滥平原","24.00","30.00","24.00-30.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":79,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"socialBehavior":82,"swimmingLayer":69,"minimumTankL":83,"temperatureMinC":84,"temperatureMaxC":85,"phMin":86,"phMax":87,"ghMinD":88,"ghMaxD":89,"khMinD":72,"khMaxD":72,"minimumGroupSize":72,"feedingNotes":90,"compatibilityNotes":91,"careNotes":92},"MODERATE","CARNIVORE","PREDATORY","SOLITARY","600.00","20.00","28.00","6.00","7.80","2.00","18.00","肉食性，捕食小鱼、虾、水生昆虫、蠕虫等；可投喂冻虾、鱼肉、沉底肉食颗粒，幼体需切碎。每2-3天喂一次，喂至腹部微鼓即可，避免过量。","不宜与任何能吞入口中的小型鱼虾混养；可与同体型、非攻击性的大型鱼谨慎混养，但仍需观察个体冲突。","需要坚固缸盖防止跳缸；底砂宜用细沙，避免尖锐砂石刮伤腹部；提供沉木、岩石等躲避处，留出水面空间供其呼吸空气。",{"maxLengthCm":94,"averageLengthCm":95,"lifespanMinYears":72,"lifespanMaxYears":72,"bodyShape":96,"coloration":97,"distinguishingFeatures":98,"sexualDimorphism":99},"65.50","49.12","体延长，近圆筒形；背鳍由一系列分离的小鳍组成，胸鳍肉质具柄，尾鳍圆形。","体色灰褐至橄榄绿，腹部较浅；体侧常有不规则深色斑块或垂直带，背鳍小鳍具深色斑。","与同属其他种相比，体型较大，下颌突出，体侧斑纹不规则且较粗；与虎纹多鳍鱼易混，但虎纹多鳍鱼体型通常更小、斑纹更细且更规则。","雄鱼臀鳍宽大呈铲状，用于交配；雌鱼腹部较圆，体型更粗壮。",{"reproductionMode":101,"breedingDifficulty":102,"spawningType":103,"breedingSeason":72,"incubationDaysMin":72,"incubationDaysMax":72,"clutchSizeMin":72,"clutchSizeMax":72,"parentalCare":104,"breedingNotes":105},"EGG_LAYER","HARD","产粘性卵于水草或产卵刷","雄鱼有护卵行为，用尾鳍扇动水流","繁殖需要模拟雨季：先降低水位，再大量换水并升高水温，提供细叶水草或人工产卵束。产卵后保留雄鱼护卵，幼鱼孵化后需喂食丰年虾幼体。",{"plantNotes":72},{"setupNotes":108,"waterChangeNotes":109,"densityNotes":110,"acclimationNotes":111,"feedingSummary":112,"commonMistakes":113,"completeness":114,"status":115},"600L以上缸体，加盖，底砂用细沙，放置沉木、岩石洞穴和耐粗养的水草，留出底层活动空间及水面呼吸空间。","每周换水25-30%，保持水质稳定；过滤需强大，但不必过度依赖气泵增氧，多鳍鱼可直接呼吸空气。","通常独居，若尝试多只混养需水体足够大、个体体型相近，避免大小差异导致互吞。","过水需缓慢，避免pH和温度剧变；新鱼入缸后常躲藏，属正常现象。","每2-3天喂一次，以鱼虾、昆虫、蠕虫等肉食为主，控制食量避免肥胖。","① 与小型鱼混养导致被吞食；② 缸盖不严，鱼跳出缸外；③ 使用粗砂或尖锐底材造成刮伤；④ 长期只喂单一饵料导致营养不全；⑤ 水温低于20℃未及时加热。","100","REVIEW_PENDING",[117,132,150,168,185],{"id":118,"type":119,"title":120,"sortOrder":121,"payload":122},9110,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[123,126,129],{"phase":124,"content":125},"入缸前","准备600L以上加盖缸，铺设细沙，放入沉木和躲藏处，养水一周以上。",{"phase":127,"content":128},"入缸","缓慢过水，关闭灯光，放入后让其自行躲藏，不要强行喂食。",{"phase":130,"content":131},"稳定后","夜行性，傍晚或关灯后投喂，定期换水，观察是否正常吞气、游动。",{"id":133,"type":134,"title":135,"sortOrder":136,"payload":137},9111,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[138,140,142,144,146,148],{"item":139,"must":15},"缸盖必须牢固",{"item":141,"must":15},"底砂使用细沙",{"item":143,"must":15},"提供沉木或岩石躲藏处",{"item":145,"must":15},"水族箱长度至少600L",{"item":147,"must":15},"不与小型鱼虾混养",{"item":149,"must":15},"每周换水25-30%",{"id":151,"type":152,"title":153,"sortOrder":154,"payload":155},9112,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[156,159,162,165],{"a":157,"q":158},"最大体长约65.5cm，人工饲养常见约40-50cm。","恩氏多鳍鱼能长多大？",{"a":160,"q":161},"需谨慎，体型相近且空间足够时可尝试，但绝不能与任何能吞入口中的小鱼混养，个体间也可能发生冲突。","可以和龙鱼等大型鱼混养吗？",{"a":163,"q":164},"需要，适宜水温20-28℃，低于18℃有危险，热带鱼缸需配备加热棒。","需要加热吗？",{"a":166,"q":167},"多鳍鱼有肺，需要定期到水面吞咽空气，属正常行为；若频率异常升高，可能水质恶化或缺氧，需检查过滤和换水。","为什么它经常到水面呼吸？",{"id":169,"type":170,"title":171,"sortOrder":172,"payload":173},9113,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[174,178,181],{"name":175,"action":176,"trigger":177},"白点病","隔离异常个体，检测氨氮、亚硝酸盐、水温与溶氧并改善水质；需用药时先明确病因，再严格按水族专用产品说明操作。","水温波动或应激",{"name":179,"action":176,"trigger":180},"细菌感染\u002F蒙眼","水质恶化或外伤",{"name":182,"action":183,"trigger":184},"消化不良\u002F腹水","停食数日，升高温度1-2℃，必要时使用内服药。","喂食过量或饵料不洁",{"id":186,"type":187,"title":188,"sortOrder":189,"payload":190},9114,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[191,195,198],{"text":192,"level":193,"reason":194},"会吞食一切小于其口裂的鱼虾，严禁与小型鱼混养","BAD","捕食性极强，小型生物会被直接吞食。",{"text":196,"level":193,"reason":197},"能跳出缸外且离水可存活一段时间，必须加盖","肌肉发达，可顶开未固定的缸盖，逃逸后可能干死或受伤。",{"text":199,"level":200,"reason":201},"对含铜药物敏感，治疗时避免使用铜制剂","CAUTION","皮肤和鳃对铜离子耐受性差，可能导致中毒。",[],{},100,[206],{"id":207,"mediaType":208,"usageType":209,"title":210,"caption":211,"remoteUrl":212,"localPath":213,"mimeType":214,"copyrightHolder":215,"licenseNote":216,"sortOrder":217,"sourceId":218},6982,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","恩氏多鳍鱼（Polypterus endlicherii）","学名匹配开放授权图；来源记录：http:\u002F\u002Fbiocase.snsb.info\u002Fwrapper\u002Fquerytool\u002Fdetails.cgi?dsa=SAPMpiscescoll&detail=unit&wrapper_url=http:\u002F\u002Fbiocase.snsb.info\u002Fwrapper\u002Fpywrapper.cgi?dsa=SAPMpiscescoll&schema=http:\u002F\u002Fwww.tdwg.org\u002Fschemas\u002Fabcd\u002F2.06&col=SAPMpiscescoll&cat=SAPM-PI-00064%20\u002F%20523759%20\u002F%20209732","http:\u002F\u002Fpictures.snsb.info\u002FSAPMpiscescoll\u002Fweb\u002FSAPM-PI-000\u002FSAPM-PI-00064_20140304_115300.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2384\u002FAQSP001889_39050869cf.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","Ulrich Steger","http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002Flegalcode",0,96,{},[221,243,260,281,306],{"id":222,"speciesCode":223,"canonicalNameZh":224,"scientificName":225,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":226,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":227,"thumbnailUrl":228,"temperatureRange":229,"phRange":230,"sizeRange":231,"careDifficulty":79,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":80,"temperament":232,"feedingNotes":233,"aliases":234,"minimumTankL":83,"ghRange":239,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":240,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":241,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":242},2448,"AQSP001868","虎纹恐龙","Polypterus delhezi",10054,"虎纹恐龙（Polypterus delhezi）是原产于刚果河流域的大型多鳍鱼，最大体长约44cm，体侧有深色虎纹状横带，背鳍为分离式小鳍。属肉食性底栖鱼，独居，需加盖防跳缸，饲养难度中等偏上，水族箱内繁殖困难。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2363\u002FAQSP001868_6d9825a71e.jpg","26.00-28.00 C","6.00-7.80","33.00-44.00 cm","SEMI_AGGRESSIVE","每日1次，投喂沉底肉食颗粒、虾肉、鱼肉或冷冻红虫，2-3分钟内吃完；避免长期单一活饵，注意营养多样化。",[235,235,236,237,22,238],"德氏多鳍鱼","戴氏多鳍鱼","斑节恐龙","虎纹多鳍鱼","2.00-18.00","10.00-15.00",[],false,{"id":244,"speciesCode":245,"canonicalNameZh":246,"scientificName":247,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":248,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":249,"thumbnailUrl":250,"temperatureRange":229,"phRange":251,"sizeRange":252,"careDifficulty":79,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":80,"temperament":81,"feedingNotes":253,"aliases":254,"minimumTankL":256,"ghRange":257,"khRange":258,"lifespanRange":240,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":259,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":242},1137,"AQSP001137","花恐龙鱼","Polypterus ornatipinnis",356,"花恐龙鱼（Polypterus ornatipinnis）大型肉食鱼，提供鱼虾肉、贝肉和合适肉食沉底颗粒。总体活动缓慢，但会吞食能入口的鱼虾；需大型加盖缸并保留水面呼吸空间。饲养难度：中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1137\u002F492-original.jpg","6.50-7.50","60.00 cm","大型肉食鱼，提供鱼虾肉、贝肉和合适肉食沉底颗粒。",[255],"Ornate Bichir","681.40","5.00-15.00","1.00-12.00",[],{"id":261,"speciesCode":262,"canonicalNameZh":263,"scientificName":264,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":265,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":266,"thumbnailUrl":267,"temperatureRange":268,"phRange":269,"sizeRange":270,"careDifficulty":271,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":80,"temperament":232,"feedingNotes":272,"aliases":273,"minimumTankL":275,"ghRange":276,"khRange":277,"lifespanRange":240,"priceRange":278,"priceUnit":279,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":280,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":242},1077,"AQSP001077","恐龙鱼","Polypterus senegalus",17,"恐龙鱼（Polypterus senegalus）为古老的鱼类。恐龙鱼是多鳍鱼目多鳍鱼科多鳍鱼属鱼类。鱼鳞厚，呈菱形；胸鳍基座矮，长满鱼鳞；尾鳍对称，上叶骨比下叶骨长；尾歪形，可随意伸展。因其鱼背上有一行行小的鱼鳞，每一行都有坚硬的脊柱支撑，而得名多鳍鱼。这种排列有时候被认为是一种“旗帜和旗杆”系统，因此它们又被叫做旗鱼。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1077\u002Fbaike-overview-species-1077-ef05d914cc.jpg","25.00-28.00 C","6.00-8.00","30.00-70.00 cm","EASY","肉食性或小型掠食性。人工饲养中，可使用适口规格的薄片或颗粒饲料作为日常主食，可搭配红虫。",[274],"gray bichir","340.70","5.00-19.00","2.00-7.00","1.80-36.00","条",[],{"id":282,"speciesCode":283,"canonicalNameZh":284,"scientificName":285,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":286,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":287,"thumbnailUrl":288,"temperatureRange":289,"phRange":290,"sizeRange":291,"careDifficulty":79,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":292,"temperament":293,"feedingNotes":294,"aliases":295,"minimumTankL":301,"ghRange":302,"khRange":303,"lifespanRange":304,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":305,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":242},1936,"AQSP001643","棒花鱼","Abbottina rivularis",1342,"东亚广布的原生底栖鲤科鱼，从黑龙江流域到珠江、朝鲜半岛及日本均有记录，体长可达 10 cm；口下位、体侧具 8-11 个黑斑组成的纵纹，易与麦穗鱼混淆。耐寒不耐高温，适养 10-25℃，会翻沙滤食，属温和群居底栖鱼。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1936\u002FAQCAT64A9BB5253DD_e53f9dc2a8.jpg","10.00-25.00 C","6.50-8.00","15.00 cm","OMNIVORE","PEACEFUL","优质颗粒或薄片为主，按食性搭配活冻饵或植物性食物。",[296,284,297,298,299,300],"棒花","爬虎鱼","沙钻子","沙锤","船丁鱼","60.00","5.00-18.00","3.00-10.00","5.00-8.00",[],{"id":307,"speciesCode":308,"canonicalNameZh":309,"scientificName":310,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":311,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":312,"thumbnailUrl":313,"temperatureRange":314,"phRange":315,"sizeRange":316,"careDifficulty":79,"plantPlacement":72,"diet":292,"temperament":232,"feedingNotes":317,"aliases":318,"minimumTankL":322,"ghRange":239,"khRange":72,"lifespanRange":72,"priceRange":72,"priceUnit":72,"dataCompleteness":204,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":72,"co2Requirement":72,"growthRate":72,"verificationTags":323,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":72,"verificationCount":217,"hasRefetchTag":242},2541,"AQSP001961","高背马面","Abramites hypselonotus",10067,"南美洲亚马逊\u002F奥里诺科河流域的倒立鱼，以头朝下贴附基质刮食藻类的独特泳姿著称。体高侧扁，具大理石状暗色横带，成体可达14cm。食性偏植食，需高植物成分饲料；对同类及相似体型鱼有攻击性，宜单养或5条以上群养。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2456\u002FAQSP001961_af9b9e7cec.jpg","23.00-27.00 C","6.00-7.50","10.50-14.00 cm","杂食偏植食：以螺旋藻\u002F植物性薄片或颗粒为主，搭配烫煮菠菜、西葫芦，少量冷冻血虫或丰年虾；每日1-2次，2-3分钟内吃完，避免长期高蛋白饵料。",[319,320,321],"倒立鱼","大理石倒立鱼","高背倒立鱼","150.00",[],"zh-CN",[324],{"missingFields":327,"translatedFields":328,"locale":324,"totalFields":328,"status":329},"0","18","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]