[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp001971-auchenoglanis-occidentalis":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":25,"taxonomyPath":65,"taxonomyPathText":64,"habitat":66,"care":81,"morphology":90,"reproduction":96,"plant":102,"careGuide":103,"careSections":112,"compatibility":197,"price":198,"dataCompleteness":14,"mediaAssets":199,"media":213,"relatedSpecies":214,"locale":325,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":326,"translationCoverage":327,"updatedAt":331},2551,"AQSP001971","项鲿","Auchenoglanis occidentalis","FISH","FRESHWATER",10077,"ACCEPTED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",100,true,"非洲原产的大型底栖鲶鱼，最大体长可达 70 cm。体色黄褐至灰褐，具深色斑点和不规则斑块，幼鱼花纹更鲜明。杂食性，善翻找底砂觅食，饲养需至少 600 L 缸体与强过滤，可与同体型温和鱼混养，但小型鱼可能被吞食。",[18,19,20,21,22,23,24],"鲶鱼","斑马猫","花斑鲶","西非长须鲶","长颈鹿鲶","非洲斑马鲶","非洲长颈鹿鲶",[26,32,38,44,50,56,61],{"id":27,"parentId":28,"rankCode":29,"scientificName":30,"chineseName":31,"pathText":30,"displayName":31},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":33,"parentId":27,"rankCode":34,"scientificName":35,"chineseName":36,"pathText":37,"displayName":36},3,"PHYLUM","Chordata","脊索动物门","Animalia > Chordata",{"id":39,"parentId":33,"rankCode":40,"scientificName":41,"chineseName":42,"pathText":43,"displayName":42},7,"CLASS","Actinopteri","辐鳍鱼纲","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri",{"id":45,"parentId":39,"rankCode":46,"scientificName":47,"chineseName":48,"pathText":49,"displayName":48},2724,"ORDER","Siluriformes","鲇形目","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes",{"id":51,"parentId":45,"rankCode":52,"scientificName":53,"chineseName":54,"pathText":55,"displayName":53},5997,"FAMILY","Claroteidae","","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Claroteidae",{"id":57,"parentId":51,"rankCode":58,"scientificName":59,"chineseName":54,"pathText":60,"displayName":59},6174,"GENUS","Auchenoglanis","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Claroteidae > Auchenoglanis",{"id":62,"parentId":57,"rankCode":63,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":64,"displayName":6},6538,"SPECIES","Animalia > Chordata > Actinopteri > Siluriformes > Claroteidae > Auchenoglanis > Auchenoglanis occidentalis",[31,36,42,48,53,59,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":67,"naturalHabitat":68,"waterLayer":69,"currentPreference":70,"substratePreference":71,"depthMinM":54,"depthMaxM":54,"phMin":72,"phMax":73,"ghMinD":74,"ghMaxD":75,"distributionRegionsJson":76,"habitatType":77,"temperatureMinC":78,"temperatureMaxC":79,"temperature":80},"广泛分布于非洲中西部至东部，记录自刚果民主共和国、中非共和国、尼日利亚、坦桑尼亚、赞比亚、贝宁、冈比亚、乌干达等地；常见于尼罗河、乍得湖、刚果河等水系。","主要生活于河流、湖泊及泛滥平原的底栖区，偏好泥底或沙泥底质，常栖息在沉木、树根、石块等遮蔽物附近。","BOTTOM","UNKNOWN","泥底或沙泥底质，偏爱有沉木\u002F树根\u002F石块覆盖的区域","6.50","7.80","2.00","18.00","[\"刚果（金）\", \"中非共和国\", \"尼日利亚\", \"坦桑尼亚\", \"赞比亚\", \"贝宁\", \"冈比亚\", \"乌干达\"]","河流 \u002F 湖泊 \u002F 泛滥平原的泥底或沙泥底质区","21.00","25.00","21.00-25.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":82,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"socialBehavior":85,"swimmingLayer":69,"minimumTankL":86,"temperatureMinC":78,"temperatureMaxC":79,"phMin":72,"phMax":73,"ghMinD":74,"ghMaxD":75,"khMinD":54,"khMaxD":54,"minimumGroupSize":54,"feedingNotes":87,"compatibilityNotes":88,"careNotes":89},"MODERATE","OMNIVORE","PEACEFUL","GROUP","600.00","每日 1 次，夜间更活跃，建议关灯后投喂沉底颗粒\u002F薄片；搭配冷冻红虫、虾肉、螺肉及少量煮熟的蔬菜碎片，避免纯肉饵导致消化不良。","可与体型相当或更大的温顺鱼类混养；口裂大，会捕食任何能入口的小鱼和虾，严禁与小型鱼共养。同类可小群饲养，但需提供足够底面积和躲避处。","需要超大缸体和强过滤（周转量建议达到缸体容积 5-8 倍\u002F小时）；底砂宜细软，布置沉木和石穴，避免粗糙底材磨损触须。",{"maxLengthCm":91,"averageLengthCm":92,"lifespanMinYears":54,"lifespanMaxYears":54,"bodyShape":93,"coloration":94,"distinguishingFeatures":95,"sexualDimorphism":54},"70.00","52.50","体延长，前部粗壮，后部侧扁；头大而钝，具三对须，背鳍硬棘发达，脂鳍较长。","体色浅黄褐至灰褐色，体侧与背部散布深褐色至黑色斑点、网纹或不规则斑块，腹部色浅；幼鱼斑纹对比更明显。","体表具类似长颈鹿的斑驳花纹，吻部钝圆，三对发达触须；与同属近缘种相比，斑点常呈不规则块状且尾柄较高。",{"reproductionMode":97,"breedingDifficulty":98,"spawningType":99,"breedingSeason":54,"incubationDaysMin":54,"incubationDaysMax":54,"clutchSizeMin":54,"clutchSizeMax":54,"parentalCare":100,"breedingNotes":101},"EGG_LAYER","HARD","卵生","待复验","水族箱中繁殖成功案例极少；若尝试，需提供超大底质缸、多个产卵穴，并模拟雨季初期的软水、降温与水位上升刺激。具体产卵量、孵化期及护卵行为因个体与条件差异较大，暂无统一参考值。",{"plantNotes":54},{"setupNotes":104,"waterChangeNotes":105,"densityNotes":106,"acclimationNotes":107,"feedingSummary":108,"commonMistakes":109,"completeness":110,"status":111},"至少 600 L，底面积比高度更重要；铺细软底砂，布置沉木、石块形成多个洞穴和阴暗区。过滤需强力且流量可调，营造底部缓流区。","每周换水 30-50%，保持硝酸盐低；成体排泄量大，换水不足易导致水质恶化。","可单养，也可 2-3 条同养；每增加一条至少额外提供 200-300 L 水体，并保证各自有独立躲避处。","过水 30-60 分钟，逐步混合缸水以缓冲 pH 和温度差异；入缸后关灯 24 小时减少应激。","每日 1 次，夜间关灯后投喂；以沉底颗粒为主，搭配冷冻饵和蔬菜碎片。","① 放入不足 600 L 的小缸；② 与小型鱼混养导致被吞；③ 使用粗砂或尖锐造景损伤触须；④ 过滤不足导致氨\u002F亚硝酸盐超标；⑤ 只在白天投喂，夜间活动个体抢不到食。","100","REVIEW_PENDING",[113,128,146,164,180],{"id":114,"type":115,"title":116,"sortOrder":117,"payload":118},9520,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[119,122,125],{"phase":120,"content":121},"入缸前","确认缸体 ≥600 L，过滤流量达到缸容积 5-8 倍\u002F小时；铺设细沙并布置沉木、石块形成多个洞穴。",{"phase":123,"content":124},"入缸","过水 30-60 分钟，关闭灯光，24 小时内不喂食；观察呼吸与游动是否平稳。",{"phase":126,"content":127},"稳定后","建立规律换水与夜间投喂节奏，每周检查硝酸盐和 pH，留意触须与皮肤有无损伤。",{"id":129,"type":130,"title":131,"sortOrder":132,"payload":133},9521,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[134,136,138,140,142,144],{"item":135,"must":15},"600 L 以上缸体",{"item":137,"must":15},"强力过滤（缸容积 5-8 倍\u002F小时）",{"item":139,"must":15},"细软底砂，避免粗砂或尖锐颗粒",{"item":141,"must":15},"沉木\u002F石穴等遮蔽物",{"item":143,"must":15},"不与小于口裂的小型鱼、虾混养",{"item":145,"must":15},"每周换水 30-50%",{"id":147,"type":148,"title":149,"sortOrder":150,"payload":151},9522,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[152,155,158,161],{"a":153,"q":154},"可与体型相近、性情不是极度凶猛的大型鱼混养，但要确保对方不会持续攻击它；入缸后需观察是否被咬伤触须或体表。","能和龙鱼、大型慈鲷混养吗？",{"a":156,"q":157},"会。口裂大且夜间活跃，任何能入口的小鱼、虾都可能被吞食，因此不能与小型鱼混养。","会吃小鱼吗？",{"a":159,"q":160},"至少 600 L，重点提供足够底面积和过滤容量；成体可达 70 cm，缸宽和容量的冗余越大越好。","需要多大鱼缸？",{"a":162,"q":163},"饲养难度中等，对水质稳定和过滤要求高，且成体体型大、排泄多，不建议作为第一只大型鲶鱼尝试。","适合新手吗？",{"id":165,"type":166,"title":167,"sortOrder":168,"payload":169},9523,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[170,174,177],{"name":171,"action":172,"trigger":173},"白点病","隔离异常个体，检测氨氮、亚硝酸盐、水温与溶氧并改善水质；需用药时先明确病因，再严格按水族专用产品说明操作。","水温骤降或水质剧烈波动",{"name":175,"action":172,"trigger":176},"触须感染\u002F烂鳍","粗砂磨损触须或氨\u002F亚硝酸盐累积",{"name":178,"action":172,"trigger":179},"内寄生虫","长期喂食不洁净的活饵",{"id":181,"type":182,"title":183,"sortOrder":184,"payload":185},9524,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[186,190,194],{"text":187,"level":188,"reason":189},"勿与小型鱼、虾混养","BAD","口裂大，夜间会捕食能入口的生物",{"text":191,"level":192,"reason":193},"避免使用粗糙底砂或尖锐造景","CAUTION","触须易磨损感染，影响觅食与健康",{"text":195,"level":188,"reason":196},"不可轻视过滤系统","成体排泄量大，水质易恶化导致慢性中毒",[],{},[200],{"id":201,"mediaType":202,"usageType":203,"title":204,"caption":205,"remoteUrl":206,"localPath":207,"mimeType":208,"copyrightHolder":209,"licenseNote":210,"sortOrder":211,"sourceId":212},7063,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","项鲿（Auchenoglanis occidentalis）","学名匹配开放授权图；来源记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F33814751","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F53146578\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2466\u002FAQSP001971_87a5dee551.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","John P Friel","CC-BY",0,102,{},[215,242,263,284,304],{"id":216,"speciesCode":217,"canonicalNameZh":218,"scientificName":219,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":220,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":221,"thumbnailUrl":222,"temperatureRange":223,"phRange":224,"sizeRange":225,"careDifficulty":226,"plantPlacement":54,"diet":227,"temperament":228,"feedingNotes":229,"aliases":230,"minimumTankL":234,"ghRange":235,"khRange":236,"lifespanRange":237,"priceRange":238,"priceUnit":239,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":54,"co2Requirement":54,"growthRate":54,"verificationTags":240,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":54,"verificationCount":211,"hasRefetchTag":241},1066,"AQSP001066","胡子异型","Ancistrus cirrhosus",165,"胡子异型（Ancistrus cirrhosus）藻膜和植物性食物为主，定期提供藻片、蔬菜与适口沉底饵。雄鱼会护洞穴和驱赶同类，通常单只或稳定配对，需躲藏处；不能以啃木替代正常投喂。饲养难度：容易。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F1066\u002F426-original.jpg","22.00-28.00 C","6.00-7.50","6.60-9.10 cm","EASY","HERBIVORE","SEMI_AGGRESSIVE","藻膜和植物性食物为主，定期提供藻片、蔬菜与适口沉底饵。",[231,232,233],"黄金大胡子","黄金胡子异型","Jumbie teta","80.00","4.00-15.00","1.00-10.00","5.00-12.00","7.00-9.95","条",[],false,{"id":243,"speciesCode":244,"canonicalNameZh":231,"scientificName":245,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":246,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":247,"thumbnailUrl":248,"temperatureRange":223,"phRange":224,"sizeRange":249,"careDifficulty":82,"plantPlacement":54,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":250,"aliases":251,"minimumTankL":258,"ghRange":259,"khRange":260,"lifespanRange":261,"priceRange":54,"priceUnit":54,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":54,"co2Requirement":54,"growthRate":54,"verificationTags":262,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":54,"verificationCount":211,"hasRefetchTag":241},2364,"AQSP001785","Ancistrus dolichopterus",20135,"原产于南美洲亚马逊河流域的底栖异型鱼，口下位吸盘、雄性头部具发达触须，体长可达15cm；黄金大胡子是人工选育的金黄色变异。饲养需提供沉木与洞穴，杂食偏植食，繁殖容易，但对含铜药物敏感。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2200\u002Freview_3849_76d7571208.jpg","12.00-15.00 cm","优质颗粒或薄片为主，按食性搭配活冻饵或植物性食物。",[252,253,254,255,256,257],"大胡子异型","黄胡子","24K黄金大胡子","黄化大胡子","黄金清道夫","黄金胡子","60.00","2.00-18.00","2.00-10.00","5.00-10.00",[],{"id":264,"speciesCode":265,"canonicalNameZh":266,"scientificName":267,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":268,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":269,"thumbnailUrl":270,"temperatureRange":271,"phRange":272,"sizeRange":273,"careDifficulty":82,"plantPlacement":54,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":274,"aliases":275,"minimumTankL":281,"ghRange":259,"khRange":54,"lifespanRange":54,"priceRange":54,"priceUnit":54,"dataCompleteness":282,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":54,"co2Requirement":54,"growthRate":54,"verificationTags":283,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":54,"verificationCount":211,"hasRefetchTag":241},2807,"AQSP002227","小花胡子","Ancistrus ranunculus",10333,"原产于巴西的底栖异型鱼，商品名‘美杜莎异型’，最大体长约19.5 cm。体色深褐至黑色，密布细小浅色斑点，头部触须发达。饲养难度中等偏难，需25-28°C水温、沉木与洞穴，繁殖困难。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2722\u002FAQSP002227_f4975812ad.jpg","25.00-28.00 C","6.00-7.80","14.62-19.50 cm","以植物性饵料为主，需提供沉木供其啃食；可投喂异型专用片\u002F颗粒、煮熟的西葫芦、菠菜，偶尔补充冷冻红虫或丰年虾。夜间活动，建议熄灯后投喂。",[276,277,278,279,280],"L034","小花胡子异型","白点胡子","美杜莎异型","美杜莎胡子","150.00",95,[],{"id":285,"speciesCode":286,"canonicalNameZh":287,"scientificName":288,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":289,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":290,"thumbnailUrl":291,"temperatureRange":292,"phRange":293,"sizeRange":294,"careDifficulty":82,"plantPlacement":54,"diet":83,"temperament":84,"feedingNotes":295,"aliases":296,"minimumTankL":301,"ghRange":302,"khRange":54,"lifespanRange":54,"priceRange":54,"priceUnit":54,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":54,"co2Requirement":54,"growthRate":54,"verificationTags":303,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":54,"verificationCount":211,"hasRefetchTag":241},2550,"AQSP001970","伪鼠鱼","Aspidoras pauciradiatus",10076,"Aspidoras pauciradiatus 是原产于巴西的小型甲鲶科观赏鱼，最大体长约 2.9 cm，是已知最小的鼠鱼类之一。种加词意为“少辐”，指其背鳍条数较少；体表常有细小斑点。偏好弱酸至中性软水，适合细砂底床小缸群养，但需稳定水质。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2465\u002FAQSP001970_dd4114a1cf.jpg","22.00-25.00 C","6.00-7.20","2.17-2.90 cm","以沉底微颗粒或薄片为主，每日 1-2 次，2 分钟内吃完；搭配冻丰年虾、水蚤、线虫等，偶尔补充植物性饵料。因口小，需细碎食物。",[297,298,299,297,300],"少辐甲鼠","侏儒鼠","六鳍鼠","迷你鼠鱼","30.00","2.00-12.00",[],{"id":305,"speciesCode":306,"canonicalNameZh":307,"scientificName":308,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":309,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":310,"thumbnailUrl":311,"temperatureRange":312,"phRange":313,"sizeRange":314,"careDifficulty":82,"plantPlacement":54,"diet":315,"temperament":228,"feedingNotes":316,"aliases":317,"minimumTankL":323,"ghRange":259,"khRange":54,"lifespanRange":54,"priceRange":54,"priceUnit":54,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":54,"co2Requirement":54,"growthRate":54,"verificationTags":324,"lastVerifiedAt":28,"lastVerifierName":54,"verificationCount":211,"hasRefetchTag":241},2552,"AQSP001972","平鳍鮠","Bagrichthys macracanthus",10078,"东南亚广布的底栖鲶鱼，分布于印度尼西亚、泰国、马来西亚等地；最大体长可达25 cm，背鳍棘特化为细长鞭状，体色深灰至黑色并散布浅色斑点。夜行性，需提供大量躲避物；对小型鱼有捕食性，同种间有领域性，建议单养或与中型鱼混养。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2467\u002FAQSP001972_106d655400.jpg","20.00-25.00 C","6.50-8.00","18.75-25.00 cm","CARNIVORE","以动物性饵料为主，如冷冻红虫、丰年虾、虾肉、鱼肉等；可接受沉底肉食颗粒，但需保证高蛋白。每日1次，夜间投喂更佳。",[318,319,318,320,321,322],"须鲶","长鳍鲶","黑剑鲶","黑矛鲶","黑色矛鲶","300.00",[],"zh-CN",[325],{"missingFields":328,"translatedFields":329,"locale":325,"totalFields":329,"status":330},"0","18","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]