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低估成体体盘宽度和底面积需求；② 底砂过粗或造景尖锐导致体盘擦伤；③ 与小型鱼虾混养被吞食；④ 徒手操作被毒刺刺伤。","100","REVIEW_PENDING",[113,128,146,164,182],{"id":114,"type":115,"title":116,"sortOrder":117,"payload":118},9750,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[119,122,125],{"phase":120,"content":121},"入缸前","准备达到成体要求的底面积缸体、细砂底质和强力过滤；规划好隔离\u002F检疫缸；确认操作工具。",{"phase":123,"content":124},"入缸","滴水过渡至少1小时；入缸后降低光照，暂停投喂1-2天；观察呼吸频率和体盘活动。",{"phase":126,"content":127},"稳定后","规律换水并监测水质；提供多样化沉底肉食，观察抢食和体表完整性；定期检查尾刺附近皮肤。",{"id":129,"type":130,"title":131,"sortOrder":132,"payload":133},9751,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[134,136,138,140,142,144],{"item":135,"must":15},"缸体底面积可容纳成体（按体盘宽的数倍设计），容量通常数千升",{"item":137,"must":15},"细砂底质，无尖锐造景",{"item":139,"must":15},"高效蛋白质分离器和成熟硝化系统",{"item":141,"must":15},"准备好长柄网具或隔板，避免徒手操作",{"item":143,"must":15},"不混养小型鱼、虾、蟹、螺等",{"item":145,"must":15},"入缸前完成检疫并观察摄食与排便",{"id":147,"type":148,"title":149,"sortOrder":150,"payload":151},9752,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[152,155,158,161],{"a":153,"q":154},"有，受威胁时会挥尾刺击；毒液可引起剧痛、肿胀和组织损伤，操作必须避免直接接触。","圆魟的尾刺有毒吗？",{"a":156,"q":157},"不建议。它底栖翻砂，会扰动珊瑚；并且会捕食小型鱼和无脊椎动物。","可以和珊瑚、小丑鱼混养吗？",{"a":159,"q":160},"幼体可在数百升内暂养，但成体需要数千升且底面积优先；小缸无法长期饲养。","缸体至少多大？",{"a":162,"q":163},"用长柄夹将虾、鱿鱼、贝肉等放到缸底，避免手接近；食后及时清除残饵。","如何安全喂食？",{"id":165,"type":166,"title":167,"sortOrder":168,"payload":169},9753,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[170,174,178],{"name":171,"action":172,"trigger":173},"体表擦伤与感染","隔离异常个体，检测氨氮、亚硝酸盐、水温与溶氧并改善水质；需用药时先明确病因，再严格按水族专用产品说明操作。","底砂过粗、造景尖锐或惊扰急游撞缸",{"name":175,"action":176,"trigger":177},"氨氮\u002F亚硝酸盐中毒","立即检测水质并换水，强化过滤，减少投喂。","过滤不足、换水不足或过量投喂",{"name":179,"action":180,"trigger":181},"应激性拒食","保持环境昏暗安静，提供活虾诱食，逐步恢复。","水质骤变或运输应激",{"id":183,"type":184,"title":185,"sortOrder":186,"payload":187},9754,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[188,192,195],{"text":189,"level":190,"reason":191},"严禁徒手接触或捞取","BAD","尾刺有毒，可造成严重刺伤。",{"text":193,"level":190,"reason":194},"不可与小型鱼虾蟹螺混养","该物种为捕食性，会吞食小型生物。",{"text":196,"level":197,"reason":198},"避免使用粗糙底砂和尖锐造景","CAUTION","体盘易擦伤引发感染。",[],{},[202],{"id":203,"mediaType":204,"usageType":205,"title":206,"caption":207,"remoteUrl":208,"localPath":209,"mimeType":210,"copyrightHolder":211,"licenseNote":212,"sortOrder":213,"sourceId":214},7104,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","圆魟（Taeniura grabata）","学名匹配开放授权图；来源记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F336081086","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F610661750\u002Foriginal.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2512\u002FAQSP002017_5dc847f0ff.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","Rui 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cm，肉食性、独居，需超大沙底缸与成熟硝化系统，混养和多物种珊瑚缸风险高。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2513\u002FAQSP002018_de7cb8e324.jpg","8.10-8.40","26.25-35.00 cm","动物性饵料为主：去壳虾、鱿鱼条、蛤肉、鱼肉等冻鲜；入缸初期可用活的黑壳虾、沙蚕诱食，适应后定时投喂，避免使用金鱼等淡水饵料；幼体每日 2 次，成体每日 1 次或隔日 1 次。",[229,230,231,232,233,229],"蓝点魟","蓝斑珍珠魟","蓝点刺鳐","蓝点珍珠虹","蓝点珍珠魟","1000.00",[],false,{"id":238,"speciesCode":239,"canonicalNameZh":240,"scientificName":241,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":242,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":243,"thumbnailUrl":244,"temperatureRange":79,"phRange":225,"sizeRange":245,"careDifficulty":246,"plantPlacement":53,"diet":82,"temperament":247,"feedingNotes":248,"aliases":249,"minimumTankL":253,"ghRange":53,"khRange":53,"lifespanRange":53,"priceRange":53,"priceUnit":53,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":53,"co2Requirement":53,"growthRate":53,"verificationTags":254,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":53,"verificationCount":213,"hasRefetchTag":236},2580,"AQSP002000","古氏土魟","Neotrygon kuhlii",10106,"古氏土魟（Neotrygon 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cm，底栖、具带毒尾棘。饲养需大水体与沙质底床，对水质敏感，属中高难度鱼种，混养须避开小型鱼。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies-ai\u002F20261023\u002F2584\u002F77abbaf2bebe2b054e4f.png","24.00-28.00 C","6.00-7.20","18.52-24.70 cm","肉食性。提供活冻红虫、黑壳虾、虾肉、小鱼等；每日 1 次，幼体可 2 次，量以 5 分钟内吃完为宜。避免过硬或含硬壳的饵料。",[269,269,270,271,272,273],"亚马逊矮魟","南美淡水魟","星斑河魟","淡水小魟","迷你珍珠魟","2.00-10.00",95,[],{"id":278,"speciesCode":279,"canonicalNameZh":280,"scientificName":281,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":260,"commonnessRank":282,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":283,"thumbnailUrl":284,"temperatureRange":285,"phRange":286,"sizeRange":287,"careDifficulty":246,"plantPlacement":53,"diet":82,"temperament":83,"feedingNotes":288,"aliases":289,"minimumTankL":253,"ghRange":296,"khRange":53,"lifespanRange":53,"priceRange":53,"priceUnit":53,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":53,"co2Requirement":53,"growthRate":53,"verificationTags":297,"lastVerifiedAt":27,"lastVerifierName":53,"verificationCount":213,"hasRefetchTag":236},2896,"AQSP002316","七星魟","Potamotrygon falkneri",10422,"南美淡水魟鱼，原产于巴拉那河、巴拉圭河等水系（巴西、阿根廷、巴拉圭等），体盘可达60 cm，背部具7个大型深色斑点（商品名“七星”来源），尾刺有毒。底栖肉食性，捕食小鱼虾，需600 L以上大缸，不可与小型鱼混养。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2811\u002FAQSP002316_68706327b0.jpg","20.00-28.00 C","6.00-7.80","45.00-60.00 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