[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp002173-ctenoides-scaber":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":23,"taxonomyPath":62,"taxonomyPathText":61,"habitat":63,"care":78,"morphology":87,"reproduction":93,"plant":99,"careGuide":100,"careSections":109,"compatibility":196,"price":197,"dataCompleteness":14,"mediaAssets":198,"media":212,"relatedSpecies":213,"locale":311,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":312,"translationCoverage":313,"updatedAt":317},2753,"AQSP002173","粗糙锉蛤","Ctenoides scaber","INVERTEBRATE","MARINE",30279,"SYNONYM","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",100,true,"原产于西大西洋热带海域（美国东南部至加勒比海）的双壳类，壳表有粗糙放射肋，壳缘锯齿状，壳色从白到橙红多变。滤食性，以浮游生物为食，需持续提供悬浮食物，饲养难度中等偏上，对水质波动敏感，适合成熟海水缸，对珊瑚安全但易受肉食性鱼类攻击。",[18,19,20,21,22],"火焰贝","粗锉蛤","红锉蛤","锉蛤","锯齿锉蛤",[24,30,36,42,48,53,58],{"id":25,"parentId":26,"rankCode":27,"scientificName":28,"chineseName":29,"pathText":28,"displayName":29},1,null,"KINGDOM","Animalia","动物界",{"id":31,"parentId":25,"rankCode":32,"scientificName":33,"chineseName":34,"pathText":35,"displayName":34},5,"PHYLUM","Mollusca","软体动物门","Animalia > Mollusca",{"id":37,"parentId":31,"rankCode":38,"scientificName":39,"chineseName":40,"pathText":41,"displayName":40},5507,"CLASS","Bivalvia","双壳纲","Animalia > Mollusca > Bivalvia",{"id":43,"parentId":37,"rankCode":44,"scientificName":45,"chineseName":46,"pathText":47,"displayName":45},5953,"ORDER","Limida","","Animalia > Mollusca > Bivalvia > Limida",{"id":49,"parentId":43,"rankCode":50,"scientificName":51,"chineseName":46,"pathText":52,"displayName":51},6068,"FAMILY","Limidae","Animalia > Mollusca > Bivalvia > Limida > Limidae",{"id":54,"parentId":49,"rankCode":55,"scientificName":56,"chineseName":46,"pathText":57,"displayName":56},6347,"GENUS","Ctenoides","Animalia > Mollusca > Bivalvia > Limida > Limidae > Ctenoides",{"id":59,"parentId":54,"rankCode":60,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":6,"pathText":61,"displayName":6},6740,"SPECIES","Animalia > Mollusca > Bivalvia > Limida > Limidae > Ctenoides > Ctenoides scaber",[29,34,40,45,51,56,6],{"salinity":9,"distribution":64,"naturalHabitat":65,"waterLayer":66,"currentPreference":67,"substratePreference":68,"depthMinM":69,"depthMaxM":70,"phMin":71,"phMax":72,"ghMinD":46,"ghMaxD":46,"distributionRegionsJson":73,"habitatType":74,"temperatureMinC":75,"temperatureMaxC":76,"temperature":77},"原产于西大西洋热带海域，包括美国东南部（佛罗里达、墨西哥湾）、墨西哥、巴哈马、波多黎各、巴拿马、美属维尔京群岛及加勒比海岛屿。","栖息于珊瑚礁、岩礁或硬底质区域，常附着于岩石缝隙、礁石下方或死珊瑚骨之间，水深从浅水到数十米。","BOTTOM","MODERATE","岩石、死珊瑚骨等硬质附着基","2.00","30.00","7.80","8.40","[\"波多黎各\", \"美国\", \"巴哈马\", \"瓜德罗普\", \"墨西哥\", \"巴拿马\", \"美属维尔京群岛\", \"未知地区\"]","珊瑚礁 \u002F 岩礁 \u002F 硬底质","24.00","28.00","24.00-28.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":67,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"socialBehavior":81,"swimmingLayer":66,"minimumTankL":82,"temperatureMinC":83,"temperatureMaxC":76,"phMin":71,"phMax":72,"ghMinD":46,"ghMaxD":46,"khMinD":46,"khMaxD":46,"minimumGroupSize":46,"feedingNotes":84,"compatibilityNotes":85,"careNotes":86},"FILTER_FEEDER","PEACEFUL","SOLITARY","100.00","22.00","滤食性，需每日多次投喂悬浮微藻、浮游动物或专用滤食饲料（如海洋雪、轮虫、丰年虾幼体）。投喂时可暂时关闭水泵，让食物在水中悬浮15-20分钟。","对鱼类和无脊椎动物温和，但壳体较薄，需避免与肉食性鱼类、大型蟹类或螳螂虾混养，以免壳体被破坏。对珊瑚安全，不伤害珊瑚或其他固着生物。","对盐度、温度与水质变化敏感，需保持参数稳定。提供岩石缝隙或活石凹陷作为足丝附着点，水流不宜过强。",{"maxLengthCm":88,"averageLengthCm":89,"lifespanMinYears":46,"lifespanMaxYears":46,"bodyShape":90,"coloration":91,"distinguishingFeatures":92,"sexualDimorphism":46},"5.00","3.00","双壳类，壳近圆形或扇形，两壳膨胀，壳顶突出。壳表有多条放射肋，肋上具鳞片状突起，壳缘呈锯齿状。体内具足丝腺，可分泌足丝附着。","壳色多变，常见白色、奶油色、淡黄色至橙红色，有时有深色斑点或条纹。壳内面白色，外套膜边缘具触手，触手颜色鲜艳，多为橙色至红色，常具白色或蓝色条纹。","壳表放射肋粗糙，壳缘锯齿状，与多数锉蛤相比壳形较圆、肋较粗。受惊时可快速开合贝壳进行短距离游动，这是野外识别的重要特征。",{"reproductionMode":94,"breedingDifficulty":95,"spawningType":96,"breedingSeason":46,"incubationDaysMin":46,"incubationDaysMax":46,"clutchSizeMin":46,"clutchSizeMax":46,"parentalCare":97,"breedingNotes":98},"EGG_LAYER","HARD","释放配子，体外受精","待复验","在水族箱中繁殖极难，需模拟温度、盐度和光周期变化诱导配子释放。幼体为浮游型，需极细小饵料（如微藻），成活率极低。",{"plantNotes":46},{"setupNotes":101,"waterChangeNotes":102,"densityNotes":103,"acclimationNotes":104,"feedingSummary":105,"commonMistakes":106,"completeness":107,"status":108},"至少100L成熟海水缸，提供活石或岩石结构形成缝隙和附着点。中等水流，避免直吹。定期补充浮游生物以维持滤食需求。","每周换水10-20%，使用优质海盐，保持盐度、温度和碱度稳定。监测钙、镁和KH。","可单只饲养，也可少量多只，但每只需提供独立附着空间，避免相互挤压。","缓慢滴水过水至少1-2小时，使盐度和温度逐渐一致。入缸初期放在低水流处，观察是否伸出套膜触手。","每日多次投喂悬浮微藻或专用滤食饲料，关停水泵让食物悬浮15-20分钟，避免过量污染水质。","① 仅靠缸内自然浮游生物，导致逐渐饿死；② 水流过强致无法附着，被吹落或卡在造流处；③ 与肉食性鱼类或大型蟹类混养，壳体被咬碎；④ 忽视水质波动，导致闭壳不食、死亡。","100","REVIEW_PENDING",[110,125,143,161,179],{"id":111,"type":112,"title":113,"sortOrder":114,"payload":115},10530,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[116,119,122],{"phase":117,"content":118},"入缸前","确保水族箱已成熟（至少运行3个月），有稳定的微生态系统和充足的悬浮有机颗粒。检查壳体有无破损，选择健康个体（外套膜触手伸展、闭壳反应迅速）。",{"phase":120,"content":121},"入缸","缓慢滴流适应1-2小时，然后放入低水流且有岩石缝隙的区域。初期可能闭壳，数小时至1天内会伸出足丝附着并展开触手。",{"phase":123,"content":124},"稳定后","保持每周换水，每日投喂悬浮食物。观察壳缘是否有新生长线，触手是否持续伸展。若长时间不伸展或闭壳，需检查水质和食物供应。",{"id":126,"type":127,"title":128,"sortOrder":129,"payload":130},10531,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[131,133,135,137,139,141],{"item":132,"must":15},"盐度33-35ppt，温度22-28℃，pH 7.8-8.4",{"item":134,"must":15},"提供岩石缝隙或活石凹陷作为附着点",{"item":136,"must":15},"准备悬浮微藻或专用滤食饲料",{"item":138,"must":15},"避免与肉食性鱼类、大型蟹类混养",{"item":140,"must":15},"中等水流，避免强流直吹",{"item":142,"must":15},"每周换水10-20%，保持水质稳定",{"id":144,"type":145,"title":146,"sortOrder":147,"payload":148},10532,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[149,152,155,158],{"a":150,"q":151},"它属于滤食性动物，以水中的浮游植物、浮游动物和有机碎屑为食。在水族箱中需要人工投喂微藻、轮虫、丰年虾幼体或专用滤食饲料，仅靠缸内自然食物通常不够。","粗糙锉蛤吃什么？",{"a":153,"q":154},"可以。它对珊瑚和其他固着无脊椎动物安全，不会啃食珊瑚。但需要成熟稳定、水质优良的珊瑚缸，且要满足其滤食需求。","能在珊瑚缸里养吗？",{"a":156,"q":157},"会。受惊或寻找新附着点时，它会快速开合贝壳喷水推动身体短距离游动。但平时主要靠足丝附着在岩石上，不需要太大空间。","它会游泳吗？",{"a":159,"q":160},"可以和一些温和的小型鱼类混养，如小丑鱼、虾虎鱼等。但必须避免肉食性鱼类（如豚类、大型隆头鱼）和能破坏贝壳的蟹类、螳螂虾。","可以和鱼混养吗？",{"id":162,"type":163,"title":164,"sortOrder":165,"payload":166},10533,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[167,171,175],{"name":168,"action":169,"trigger":170},"饥饿衰竭","表现为外套膜触手不伸展、闭壳无力、体重下降。增加投喂次数和食物浓度，改善水质，必要时隔离到专门喂食缸。","长期缺乏悬浮食物或水质恶化",{"name":172,"action":173,"trigger":174},"细菌感染（外套膜溃烂）","移入独立检疫容器，检测并稳定水质、减少刺激；无脊椎动物对多种药物敏感，不要在主缸盲目用药。","水质差、外伤或运输应激",{"name":176,"action":177,"trigger":178},"壳破损","壳体边缘碎裂或出现裂纹。若无软组织损伤，保持水质清洁可逐渐愈合；若露出软体，需隔离并防止感染。","与肉食性动物混养或碰撞",{"id":180,"type":181,"title":182,"sortOrder":183,"payload":184},10534,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[185,189,192],{"text":186,"level":187,"reason":188},"不能与肉食性鱼类或大型蟹类混养","BAD","壳体较薄，容易被咬碎或夹碎，导致死亡。",{"text":190,"level":187,"reason":191},"不能长期不投喂悬浮食物","滤食性动物需要持续的食物供应，饿死是水族箱中最常见的死亡原因。",{"text":193,"level":194,"reason":195},"避免盐度和温度剧烈波动","CAUTION","对水质变化敏感，骤变会导致闭壳不食甚至死亡。",[],{},[199],{"id":200,"mediaType":201,"usageType":202,"title":203,"caption":204,"remoteUrl":205,"localPath":206,"mimeType":207,"copyrightHolder":208,"licenseNote":209,"sortOrder":210,"sourceId":211},7257,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","粗糙锉蛤（Ctenoides scaber）","学名匹配开放授权图；来源记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F334228514","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F606909174\u002Foriginal.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2668\u002FAQSP002173_9b7c373254.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","Matthew Gerke","http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002Flegalcode",0,103,{},[214,232,250,273,291],{"id":215,"speciesCode":216,"canonicalNameZh":217,"scientificName":218,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":219,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":220,"thumbnailUrl":221,"temperatureRange":222,"phRange":223,"sizeRange":46,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":46,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":224,"aliases":225,"minimumTankL":46,"ghRange":46,"khRange":46,"lifespanRange":46,"priceRange":46,"priceUnit":46,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":46,"co2Requirement":46,"growthRate":46,"verificationTags":230,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":46,"verificationCount":210,"hasRefetchTag":231},2760,"AQSP002180","多刺裂江珧","Pinna muricata",30286,"多刺裂江珧是分布于印度-太平洋热带海域的大型滤食性双壳类，壳表具棘刺状突起，以足丝附着于沙泥或礁石底质。对盐度与温度波动敏感，饲养难度中等，需稳定水质并持续供应浮游生物，适合有经验的海水无脊椎缸。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2675\u002FAQSP002180_9c2e07cdd5.jpg","22.00-28.00 C","7.80-8.40","滤食性，需持续提供微小浮游生物、轮虫、藻类或专用滤食性贝类饲料；水流应携带食物颗粒，避免静水。",[226,227,228,229],"刺江瑶","江瑶","海江瑶","笔贝",[],false,{"id":233,"speciesCode":234,"canonicalNameZh":235,"scientificName":236,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":237,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":238,"thumbnailUrl":239,"temperatureRange":222,"phRange":223,"sizeRange":240,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":46,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":241,"aliases":242,"minimumTankL":46,"ghRange":46,"khRange":46,"lifespanRange":46,"priceRange":46,"priceUnit":46,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":46,"co2Requirement":46,"growthRate":46,"verificationTags":249,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":46,"verificationCount":210,"hasRefetchTag":231},2768,"AQSP002188","变色海菊蛤","Spondylus varius",30294,"分布于印度-太平洋热带珊瑚礁（印尼、菲律宾、斐济、日本等），壳表密布棘刺，颜色个体间差异极大（紫、红、橙、黄）。滤食性双壳类，需成熟海缸并补充浮游植物，对水质波动敏感，饲养难度中等，忌强水流、捕食性生物和铜药。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2683\u002FAQSP002188_1f41ee5196.jpg","10.00-15.00 cm","滤食性，需定期投喂浮游植物（微藻、轮虫、专用珊瑚滤食粮），避免过度喂食污染水质。",[243,244,245,246,247,248],"变色海菊","棘刺海菊蛤","海菊花","海菊贝","紫海菊","红海菊",[],{"id":251,"speciesCode":252,"canonicalNameZh":253,"scientificName":254,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":255,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":256,"thumbnailUrl":257,"temperatureRange":258,"phRange":259,"sizeRange":240,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":46,"diet":260,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":261,"aliases":262,"minimumTankL":82,"ghRange":46,"khRange":269,"lifespanRange":270,"priceRange":46,"priceUnit":46,"dataCompleteness":271,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":46,"co2Requirement":46,"growthRate":46,"verificationTags":272,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":46,"verificationCount":210,"hasRefetchTag":231},2301,"AQSP001722","番红砗磲","Tridacna crocea",10061,"原产于印度-太平洋热带珊瑚礁的小型砗磲，是砗磲属中体型最小的种类之一（最大壳长约15cm），具独特钻穴习性——可分泌酸液将壳体完全嵌入珊瑚或石灰岩中，只露出色彩绚丽的外套膜。外套膜以蓝、绿、棕为主，带虹彩斑纹；饲养需强光与稳定钙\u002F碱度，不适合新手。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2137\u002FAQGAPDA2102808BC1_69c797d590.jpg","25.00-27.00 C","8.10-8.40","OMNIVORE","主要营养来自共生虫黄藻，需强光（PAR 150-250+）；也会滤食水中浮游生物与有机碎屑，每周可添加浮游植物或珊瑚粮。",[263,264,265,266,267,268],"番红蚌","红海菊砗磲","圆砗磲","小砗磲","番红蛤","穴居砗磲","7.00-12.00","10.00-20.00",97,[],{"id":274,"speciesCode":275,"canonicalNameZh":276,"scientificName":277,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":278,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":279,"thumbnailUrl":280,"temperatureRange":222,"phRange":223,"sizeRange":281,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":46,"diet":79,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":282,"aliases":283,"minimumTankL":288,"ghRange":46,"khRange":46,"lifespanRange":289,"priceRange":46,"priceUnit":46,"dataCompleteness":14,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":46,"co2Requirement":46,"growthRate":46,"verificationTags":290,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":46,"verificationCount":210,"hasRefetchTag":231},2948,"AQSP002368","魔鬼砗磲","Tridacna derasa",10474,"魔鬼砗磲（Tridacna derasa）是西太平洋大型砗磲，最大壳长可达60 cm，外套膜以蓝、绿、棕等斑驳色为主。它依赖共生虫黄藻，也滤食浮游生物；饲养需强光与稳定钙\u002F碱度，难度中等。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2863\u002FAQSP002368_48fc7a693e.jpg","35.00-60.00 cm","以共生虫黄藻提供大部分能量，但幼体滤食浮游生物需求更高；可每周添加浮游植物或专用珊瑚粮，保持水体清澈。",[284,285,286,287],"南太平洋大砗磲","德氏砗磲","德氏贝","无鳞砗磲","200.00","20.00-50.00",[],{"id":292,"speciesCode":293,"canonicalNameZh":294,"scientificName":295,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":296,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":297,"thumbnailUrl":298,"temperatureRange":77,"phRange":259,"sizeRange":299,"careDifficulty":67,"plantPlacement":46,"diet":260,"temperament":80,"feedingNotes":300,"aliases":301,"minimumTankL":308,"ghRange":46,"khRange":269,"lifespanRange":309,"priceRange":46,"priceUnit":46,"dataCompleteness":271,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":46,"co2Requirement":46,"growthRate":46,"verificationTags":310,"lastVerifiedAt":26,"lastVerifierName":46,"verificationCount":210,"hasRefetchTag":231},2302,"AQSP001723","库氏砗磲","Tridacna gigas",10062,"库氏砗磲是世界上最大的双壳类，壳长可达 1.2 m、重逾 200 kg，分布于印度-太平洋热带珊瑚礁浅水区。它固着生活，靠外套膜内共生的虫黄藻提供大部分营养，同时滤食浮游生物。水族箱饲养需要极稳定的大型礁岩缸、强光照和较高钙\u002F碱度，属高难度物种。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2138\u002FAQGAP60578A43B677_c43c0f2cd2.jpg","60.00-120.00 cm","主要依靠虫黄藻光合作用提供能量，无需频繁投喂；可每周补充少量浮游植物或专用砗磲粮，过量投喂会污染水质。",[302,303,304,305,306,307],"大砗磲","巨蚌","太平洋大砗磲","巨人砗磲","巨砗磲","砗磲蛤","500.00","50.00-100.00",[],"zh-CN",[311],{"missingFields":314,"translatedFields":315,"locale":311,"totalFields":315,"status":316},"0","18","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 00:45:06"]