[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-detail:aqsp002486-neritina-violacea":3},{"id":4,"speciesCode":5,"canonicalNameZh":6,"scientificName":7,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":10,"taxonomicStatus":11,"dataOrigin":12,"dataStatus":13,"primarySourceId":14,"active":15,"summary":16,"aliases":17,"taxonomyNodes":18,"taxonomyPath":25,"taxonomyPathText":7,"habitat":26,"care":42,"morphology":53,"reproduction":58,"plant":67,"careGuide":68,"careSections":76,"compatibility":164,"price":165,"dataCompleteness":166,"mediaAssets":167,"media":180,"relatedSpecies":181,"locale":283,"displayName":6,"commonName":6,"availableLocales":284,"translationCoverage":286,"updatedAt":290},2013,"AQSP002486","红口螺","Neritina violacea","SNAIL","FRESHWATER",1400,"ACCEPTED","SOURCE_IMPORTED","VERIFIED",28,true,"红口螺（Neritina violacea）是常见的淡水螺类。主要栖息于生活于河流、湖泊、溪流或湿地等淡水环境，利用底质、植被和岸边结构觅食与躲藏。适宜水温 22.00-28.00℃，饲养难度为简单。",[],[19],{"id":20,"parentId":21,"rankCode":22,"scientificName":7,"chineseName":23,"pathText":24,"displayName":7},4945,null,"SPECIES","","Animalia > Mollusca > Gastropoda > Cycloneritida > Neritidae > Neritina > Neritina violacea",[7],{"salinity":9,"distribution":27,"naturalHabitat":28,"waterLayer":29,"currentPreference":30,"substratePreference":31,"depthMinM":32,"depthMaxM":32,"phMin":33,"phMax":34,"ghMinD":35,"ghMaxD":36,"distributionRegionsJson":37,"habitatType":38,"temperatureMinC":39,"temperatureMaxC":40,"temperature":41},"分布于日本、印度、菲律宾、泰国、马来西亚、越南、澳大利亚、印度尼西亚、中国台湾、中国、葡萄牙、关岛。","生活于河流、湖泊、溪流或湿地等淡水环境，利用底质、植被和岸边结构觅食与躲藏。","BOTTOM","SLOW","细砂、碎石、落叶或水生植物结构","0.30","7.00","8.20","6.00","14.00","[\"日本\", \"印度\", \"菲律宾\", \"泰国\", \"马来西亚\", \"越南\", \"澳大利亚\", \"印度尼西亚\", \"中国台湾\", \"中国\", \"葡萄牙\", \"关岛\"]","河流 \u002F 湖泊 \u002F 溪流","22.00","28.00","22.00-28.00 C",{"salinity":9,"difficulty":43,"diet":44,"temperament":45,"socialBehavior":46,"swimmingLayer":47,"minimumTankL":48,"temperatureMinC":39,"temperatureMaxC":40,"phMin":33,"phMax":34,"ghMinD":35,"ghMaxD":36,"khMinD":23,"khMaxD":23,"minimumGroupSize":49,"feedingNotes":50,"compatibilityNotes":51,"careNotes":52},"EASY","HERBIVORE","PEACEFUL","GROUP","MIDDLE","30.00","1","按实际食性提供颗粒、藻类或小型动物性饵料，少量投喂并及时清理残饵。","性情温和，适合与体型和水质需求相近的温和物种混养；藻食性，需保证充足藻类或植物性饵料；避免与掠食性或肉食性鱼类同缸。","保持温度、pH、硬度或盐度稳定，定期检测氨和亚硝酸盐，避免一次性大幅换水。",{"maxLengthCm":54,"averageLengthCm":55,"lifespanMinYears":56,"lifespanMaxYears":57,"bodyShape":23,"coloration":23,"distinguishingFeatures":23,"sexualDimorphism":23},"3.00","2.20","1.00","2.00",{"reproductionMode":59,"breedingDifficulty":43,"spawningType":60,"breedingSeason":61,"incubationDaysMin":62,"incubationDaysMax":63,"clutchSizeMin":62,"clutchSizeMax":64,"parentalCare":65,"breedingNotes":66},"EGG_LAYER","交配产卵","全年","10","30","200","是否护卵或育幼需按该物种繁殖策略观察。","幼体可能经历浮游或盐度转换阶段，家庭繁殖需独立育苗水体和适口微型饵料。",{"plantNotes":23},{"setupNotes":69,"waterChangeNotes":70,"densityNotes":71,"acclimationNotes":72,"feedingSummary":50,"commonMistakes":73,"completeness":74,"status":75},"准备稳定过滤、平缓底材和足够躲避，缸体不少于 30 升；水温 22–28℃、pH 7–8.2，所有进水口加防护并检查防逃。","每周少量分次换水，新水匹配温度、盐度与硬度；先测试氨和亚硝酸盐。","根据洞穴、藏身点和领地性控制数量；同类争斗时立即增加遮蔽或分缸。","采用滴流等慢速过水，海水无脊椎尤其要匹配盐度；蜕壳前后减少惊扰，禁止含铜药物。","① 过水过快；② 未养好水就入缸；③ 使用含铜药物；④ 缺少躲避或防逃；⑤ 过量投喂导致水质恶化。","100","DRAFT",[77,93,111,129,147],{"id":78,"type":79,"title":80,"sortOrder":81,"payload":82},8520,"TIMELINE","入缸节奏",10,[83,85,87,90],{"phase":84,"content":69},"入缸前",{"phase":86,"content":72},"入缸\u002F种植",{"phase":88,"content":89},"第 1–2 周","每日观察摄食、活动、呼吸和体表；异常个体及时隔离。",{"phase":91,"content":92},"稳定后","维持水温 22–28℃、pH 7–8.2，固定换水和维护节奏，不追求参数快速变化。",{"id":94,"type":95,"title":96,"sortOrder":97,"payload":98},8521,"CHECKLIST","养好清单",20,[99,101,103,104,106,109],{"item":100,"must":15},"入缸前确认氨和亚硝酸盐为 0",{"item":102,"must":15},"水温维持 22–28℃、pH 维持 7–8.2",{"item":70,"must":15},{"item":105,"must":15},"按体型、食性和摄食速度控制投喂",{"item":107,"must":108},"观察同类追逐和混养压制，必要时分缸",false,{"item":110,"must":108},"新生物先隔离观察，不盲目用药",{"id":112,"type":113,"title":114,"sortOrder":115,"payload":116},8522,"FAQ","常见问题",30,[117,120,123,126],{"a":118,"q":119},"短期应激较常见，但若伴随急促呼吸、失衡或持续拒食，应立即检测氨、亚硝酸盐、温度、pH及海水盐度。","红口螺入缸后躲藏或不吃食正常吗？",{"a":121,"q":122},"避免与体型悬殊、会捕食、咬鳍或长期抢食的对象混养。","红口螺可以混养吗？",{"a":124,"q":125},"通常少量 1–2 次，以短时间吃完为准；不同食性和活动节律应调整，残饵必须及时清理。","一天喂几次合适？",{"a":127,"q":128},"持续浮头、急促呼吸、缩鳍、失去平衡、异常爬缸或集体拒食，都是应立即测试水质的信号。","怎样判断水质有问题？",{"id":130,"type":131,"title":132,"sortOrder":133,"payload":134},8523,"DISEASE","常见问题与防治",40,[135,139,143],{"name":136,"action":137,"trigger":138},"入缸应激与拒食","先隔离观察并检测水质，保持溶氧；纠正参数时要缓慢，避免反复折腾。","温度、pH或盐度变化过快",{"name":140,"action":141,"trigger":142},"体表异常或擦缸","隔离患病个体，记录症状并确认病因；药物仅按确诊结果和产品说明使用。","新个体带入病原、外伤或水质刺激",{"name":144,"action":145,"trigger":146},"蜕壳\u002F甲壳异常","优先改善水质、减少争斗并提供躲避；严重或持续恶化时咨询专业水生动物医疗人员。","硬度、盐度波动或混养攻击",{"id":148,"type":149,"title":150,"sortOrder":151,"payload":152},8524,"WARNING","混养与风险提醒",50,[153,157,160],{"text":154,"level":155,"reason":156},"不要在未完成硝化循环的新缸中直接入缸","BAD","氨和亚硝酸盐可在短时间内造成中毒。",{"text":158,"level":155,"reason":159},"禁止使用含铜药物","虾、蟹、螺等无脊椎动物对铜非常敏感。",{"text":161,"level":162,"reason":163},"避免与体型悬殊或攻击性不匹配的物种混养","CAUTION","捕食、持续追咬和抢食会造成慢性应激。",[],{},100,[168],{"id":169,"mediaType":170,"usageType":171,"title":172,"caption":173,"remoteUrl":174,"localPath":175,"mimeType":176,"copyrightHolder":177,"licenseNote":178,"sortOrder":179,"sourceId":21},6861,"IMAGE","PRIMARY","红口螺（Neritina violacea）","iNaturalist 学名核验主图；记录：https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F301728495","https:\u002F\u002Finaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com\u002Fphotos\u002F543732891\u002Flarge.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2026\u002F08\u002Fb304c1fa-d814-466a-871a-50f3f4761eb8.jpg","image\u002Fjpeg","(c) suecee, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by suecee","CC-BY-NC https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-nc\u002F4.0\u002F",0,{},[182,202,217,242,264],{"id":183,"speciesCode":184,"canonicalNameZh":185,"scientificName":186,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":187,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":188,"thumbnailUrl":189,"temperatureRange":190,"phRange":191,"sizeRange":192,"careDifficulty":43,"plantPlacement":23,"diet":44,"temperament":45,"feedingNotes":193,"aliases":194,"minimumTankL":197,"ghRange":198,"khRange":199,"lifespanRange":200,"priceRange":23,"priceUnit":23,"dataCompleteness":166,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":23,"co2Requirement":23,"growthRate":23,"verificationTags":201,"lastVerifiedAt":21,"lastVerifierName":23,"verificationCount":179,"hasRefetchTag":108},838,"AQSP000838","纳塔尔带蜑螺[暂]","Vittina natalensis",213,"纳塔尔带蜑螺（Vittina natalensis，常见旧名 Neritina natalensis）是淡水至轻度汽水环境的食藻蜑螺。壳面常有黄褐与黑色条纹或斑纹，主要刮食硬表面的藻膜和生物膜；性情温和，但需避免软酸水造成壳蚀，也应避开食螺鱼类。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F838\u002Fbaike-overview-species-838-d463e5c6c7.jpg","22.20-26.10 C","7.20-8.40","3.80-5.08 cm","主要刮食缸壁、石木等硬表面的藻膜和生物膜；藻量不足时补充藻片或焯软蔬菜，避免饥饿。",[195,196],"洋葱螺","Neritina natalensis\u002F纳塔尔河蜑螺[误]","37.90","6.00-14.00","10.00-20.00","2.00-4.00",[],{"id":203,"speciesCode":204,"canonicalNameZh":205,"scientificName":206,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":207,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":208,"thumbnailUrl":209,"temperatureRange":41,"phRange":210,"sizeRange":211,"careDifficulty":43,"plantPlacement":23,"diet":44,"temperament":45,"feedingNotes":50,"aliases":212,"minimumTankL":48,"ghRange":198,"khRange":23,"lifespanRange":200,"priceRange":23,"priceUnit":23,"dataCompleteness":166,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":23,"co2Requirement":23,"growthRate":23,"verificationTags":216,"lastVerifiedAt":21,"lastVerifierName":23,"verificationCount":179,"hasRefetchTag":108},1967,"AQSP002452","蜜蜂角螺","Clithon corona",1384,"蜜蜂角螺（Clithon corona）是常见的淡水螺类。主要栖息于生活于河流、湖泊、溪流或湿地等淡水环境，利用底质、植被和岸边结构觅食与躲藏。适宜水温 22.00-28.00℃，饲养难度为简单。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002Fcatalog-backfill-20260804\u002Fclithon-corona.jpg","7.00-8.20","3.80-5.10 cm",[213,214,205,215],"斑马角螺","皱蜑螺","Assorted Thorn Nerite Snail",[],{"id":218,"speciesCode":219,"canonicalNameZh":220,"scientificName":221,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":222,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":223,"thumbnailUrl":224,"temperatureRange":225,"phRange":226,"sizeRange":227,"careDifficulty":228,"plantPlacement":23,"diet":229,"temperament":45,"feedingNotes":230,"aliases":231,"minimumTankL":237,"ghRange":238,"khRange":23,"lifespanRange":239,"priceRange":23,"priceUnit":23,"dataCompleteness":240,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":23,"co2Requirement":23,"growthRate":23,"verificationTags":241,"lastVerifiedAt":21,"lastVerifierName":23,"verificationCount":179,"hasRefetchTag":108},2652,"AQSP002072","网格塔蜷","Thiara cancellata",10178,"原产于菲律宾、印度尼西亚、所罗门群岛、中国等西太平洋岛屿淡水水域，贝壳具典型网格状雕刻，底栖生活，以生物膜和有机碎屑为食。对水质波动敏感，饲养需保持稳定，是观赏性较强的淡水塔螺。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2567\u002FAQSP002072_6c23f4dddc.jpg","20.00-28.00 C","6.50-8.00","2.50-3.50 cm","MODERATE","OMNIVORE","自然状态下以生物膜、有机碎屑和藻类为食；人工饲养可投喂沉底型螺粮、煮熟的蔬菜薄片，并适当补充钙质。",[232,233,234,235,236],"塔螺","网格塔螺","菲律宾塔螺","锥蜷","马来塔螺","40.00","4.00-18.00","1.00-2.00",95,[],{"id":243,"speciesCode":244,"canonicalNameZh":245,"scientificName":246,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":247,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":248,"thumbnailUrl":249,"temperatureRange":250,"phRange":251,"sizeRange":252,"careDifficulty":228,"plantPlacement":23,"diet":229,"temperament":45,"feedingNotes":253,"aliases":254,"minimumTankL":237,"ghRange":260,"khRange":261,"lifespanRange":262,"priceRange":23,"priceUnit":23,"dataCompleteness":166,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":23,"co2Requirement":23,"growthRate":23,"verificationTags":263,"lastVerifiedAt":21,"lastVerifierName":23,"verificationCount":179,"hasRefetchTag":108},2651,"AQSP002071","多瑙河蜑螺","Theodoxus danubialis",10177,"多瑙河蜑螺原产于欧洲多瑙河流域及支流，壳径约8-10mm，壳面黄褐色带深色锯齿状条纹。属冷水型淡水蜑螺，以藻类和生物膜为食，对铜离子极敏感，饲养难度中等，人工繁殖困难。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2566\u002FAQSP002071_cd6565ef93.jpg","16.00-24.00 C","7.20-8.20","0.80-1.00 cm","以硅藻、绿藻和生物膜为主食，可投喂藻片、煮熟的菠菜或黄瓜薄片；每日一次，避免过量投喂。",[255,256,257,258,259],"多瑙河彩蛋螺","多瑙河斑马螺","多瑙河石螺","欧洲淡水蜑螺","淡水斑马蜑螺","6.00-16.00","4.00-12.00","2.00-3.00",[],{"id":265,"speciesCode":266,"canonicalNameZh":267,"scientificName":268,"organismGroup":8,"aquariumCategory":9,"commonnessRank":269,"dataStatus":13,"active":15,"summary":270,"thumbnailUrl":271,"temperatureRange":225,"phRange":226,"sizeRange":272,"careDifficulty":228,"plantPlacement":23,"diet":229,"temperament":45,"feedingNotes":273,"aliases":274,"minimumTankL":237,"ghRange":238,"khRange":281,"lifespanRange":239,"priceRange":23,"priceUnit":23,"dataCompleteness":166,"hasCareGuide":15,"lightRequirement":23,"co2Requirement":23,"growthRate":23,"verificationTags":282,"lastVerifiedAt":21,"lastVerifierName":23,"verificationCount":179,"hasRefetchTag":108},2650,"AQSP002070","颗粒螺","Tarebia granifera",10176,"原产亚洲热带及西太平洋岛屿，已入侵美洲、非洲多地；成体壳长约2-3cm，壳面密布颗粒状纵肋，与马来螺相比壳更粗短。卵胎生且可孤雌生殖，单只入缸即可繁殖爆缸；耐污广温，适合清理残饵与藻类，但需防密度失控。","https:\u002F\u002Faquatic-media.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fspecies\u002F2565\u002FAQSP002070_9030a5cff3.jpg","2.00-3.00 cm","以缸内生物膜、藻类和残饵为主食，可补充沉底螺粮或焯水蔬菜；每周可额外提供一次钙质（如钙片\u002F螺壳粉）以维持壳体健康。",[275,276,277,278,279,280],"刺塔螺","淡水角螺","结节螺","角螺","颗粒塔螺","颗粒角螺","3.00-12.00",[],"zh-CN",[283,285],"en-US",{"missingFields":287,"translatedFields":288,"locale":283,"totalFields":288,"status":289},"0","12","COMPLETE","2026-10-04 01:08:20"]